Developers and DevOps managers can easily run Apache Kafka
applications and Kafka Connect connectors on AWS without having to become
experts in Apache Kafka administration thanks to Amazon Managed Streaming for
Apache Kafka (Amazon MSK), an AWS streaming data service that manages Apache
Kafka infrastructure and operations. Streaming data application development is
sped up by Amazon MSK's built-in AWS connectors, enterprise-grade security
capabilities, and ability to administer, maintain, and grow Apache Kafka
clusters.
Ques: 1). What is streaming data in AWS MSK?
Answer:
The answer is that streaming data is a constant stream of
brief recordings or events—typically only a few kilobytes in size—produced by
tens of thousands of equipment, gadgets, websites, and software programmes. A
wide range of data, including log files produced by users of your mobile or web
applications, e-commerce purchases, in-game player activity, information from
social networks, trading information from financial trading floors, geospatial
services, security logs, metrics, and telemetry from connected devices or
instrumentation in data centres are all examples of streaming data.
Continuously gathering, processing, and delivering streaming data is made
simple for you by streaming data services like Amazon MSK and Amazon Kinesis
Data Streams.
Ques: 2). What does Amazon MSK really do as open-source service?
Answer:
Apache Kafka open-source versions may be easily installed
and deployed on AWS with excellent availability and security thanks to Amazon
MSK. Additionally, Amazon MSK provides AWS service integrations without the
operational burden of maintaining an Apache Kafka cluster. While the service
supports the setup, provisioning, AWS integrations, and ongoing maintenance of
Apache Kafka clusters, Amazon MSK enables you to use open-source versions of
Apache Kafka.
Ques: 3). What are Apache Kafka's fundamental ideas?
Answer:
Topics are how Apache Kafka stores records. Consumers read
records from subjects, and data producers write records to topics. In Apache
Kafka, each record is made up of a key, a value, a timestamp, and occasionally
header metadata. Apache Kafka divides topics into replicas that are replicated
over several brokers, or nodes. A highly available cluster of brokers running
Apache Kafka may be created by placing brokers in different AWS availability
zones. When it comes to managing state for services communicating with an
Apache Kafka cluster, Apache Kafka depends on Apache ZooKeeper.
Ques: 4). How can I get access to the Apache Kafka broker
logs?
Answer:
For provisioned clusters, broker log delivery is an option.
Broker logs may be sent to Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose, Amazon Simple Storage
Service (S3), and Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Among other places, Kinesis Data
Firehose supports Amazon OpenSearch Service.
Ques: 5). How can I keep track of consumer lag?
Answer:
The standard collection of metrics that Amazon MSK delivers
to Amazon CloudWatch for all clusters includes topic-level consumer latency
indicators. For these metrics to be obtained, no further setup is needed. You
may also obtain consumer latency data at the partition level for provisioned
clusters (partition dimension). On your cluster, turn on enhanced monitoring
(PER PARTITION PER TOPIC). As an alternative, you may use a Prometheus server
to activate Open Monitoring on your cluster and collect partition-level metrics
from the cluster's brokers. Consumer latency measurements, like other Kafka
metrics, are accessible through port 11001.
Ques: 6). How does Amazon MSK handle data replication?
Answer:
To replicate data between brokers, Amazon MSK leverages the
leader-follower replication feature of Apache Kafka. Clusters with multi-AZ
replication may be easily deployed using Amazon MSK, and you have the option to
apply a specific replication technique for each topic. Every replication option
by default deploys and isolates leader and follower brokers according to the
replication technique chosen. A cluster of three brokers will be created by
Amazon MSK (one broker in three AZs in a region), for instance, if you choose a
three AZ broker replication strategy with one broker per AZ cluster. By default
(unless you choose to override the topic replication factor), the topic
replication factor will also be three.
Ques: 7). MSK Serverless: What is it?
Answer:
You may operate Apache Kafka clusters using MSK Serverless,
a cluster type for Amazon MSK, without having to worry about managing
computation and storage capacity. You just pay for the data volume that you
stream and keep when using MSK Serverless, which allows you to execute your
apps without needing to setup, configure, or optimise clusters.
Ques: 8). What security features are available with MSK Serverless?
Answer:
Using service-managed keys obtained from the AWS Key
Management Service, MSK Serverless encrypts all data in transit and at rest
(KMS). AWS PrivateLink is used by clients to establish private connections to
MSK Serverless, shielding your traffic from the public internet. IAM Access
Control, another feature of MSK Serverless, allows you to control client
authorization and client authentication for Apache Kafka resources like topics.
Answer:
With each cluster you build for provided clusters, you must
provision broker instances and broker storage. Storage throughput for storage
volumes is an optional provision that may be used to expand I/O without the
need for additional brokers. Nodes for Apache ZooKeeper are already included
with each cluster you establish, so you don't need to supply them. You just
construct a cluster as a resource for serverless clusters.
Ques: 10). How does Amazon MSK handle authorization?
Answer:
If you are using IAM Access Control, Amazon MSK authorises
actions based on the policies you create and its own authorizer. Apache Kafka
employs access control lists (ACLs) for authorisation if you are utilising
SASL/SCRAM or TLS certificate authentication. You must enable client
authentication using SASL/SCRAM or TLS certificates in order to activate ACLs.
Ques: 11). What is the maximum data throughput capacity
supported by MSK Serverless?
Answer:
Up to 200 MBps of write throughput and 400 MBps of read
capacity per cluster are offered by MSK Serverless. Additionally, MSK
Serverless allots up to 5 MBps of immediate write capacity and 10 MBps of
instant read capacity per partition to guarantee enough throughput availability
for every partition in a cluster.
Ques: 12). What high availability measures does MSK Serverless take?
Answer:
When a partition is created, MSK Serverless makes two copies
of it and stores them in various availability zones. To provide high
availability, MSK serverless automatically finds and restores malfunctioning
backend resources.
Ques: 13). How can I set up my first MSK cluster on Amazon?
Answer:
Using the AWS administration console or the AWS SDKs, you
can quickly establish your first cluster. To construct an Amazon MSK cluster,
first choose an AWS region in the Amazon MSK dashboard. Give your cluster a
name, decide the Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) you want to use to run it, and
select the subnets for each AZ. You may select a broker instance type, the
number of brokers per AZ, and the amount of storage per broker when
constructing a provisioned cluster.
Ques: 14). Does Amazon MSK run in an Amazon VPC?
Answer:
Yes, Amazon MSK always operating inside an Amazon VPC that
is overseen by the Amazon MSK service. When the cluster is configured, the
Amazon MSK resources will be accessible to your own Amazon VPC, subnet, and
security group. Elastic network interfaces (ENIs), which connect IP addresses
from your VPC to your Amazon MSK resources, ensure that all network traffic
stays within the AWS network and is not by default available to the internet.
Ques: 15). Between my Apache Kafka clients and the Amazon
MSK service, is data secured in transit?
Answer:
Yes, only clusters established using the CLI or AWS
Management Console have in-transit encryption configured by default to TLS. For
clients to communicate with clusters utilising TLS encryption, further setup is
needed. By choosing the TLS/plaintext or plaintext options, you may modify the
default encryption configuration for supplied clusters. Study up on MSK
Encryption.
Ques: 16). How much do the various CloudWatch monitoring levels cost?
Answer:
The size of your Apache Kafka cluster and the monitoring
level you choose will determine how much it costs to monitor your cluster using
Amazon CloudWatch. Amazon CloudWatch has a free tier and charges monthly based
on metrics.
Ques: 17). Which monitoring tools are compatible with Prometheus' Open Monitoring?
Answer:
Open Monitoring is compatible with tools like Datadog,
Lenses, New Relic, Sumo Logic, or a Prometheus server that are made to read
from Prometheus exporters.
Ques: 18). Are my clients' connections to an Amazon MSK cluster secure?
Answer:
By default, a private connection between your clients in
your VPC and the Amazon MSK cluster is the only way data may be generated or
consumed from an Amazon MSK cluster. But if you enable public access for your
Amazon MSK cluster and use the public bootstrap-brokers string to connect to
it, the connection—while authenticated, permitted, and encrypted—will no longer
be regarded as private. If you enable public access, it is advised that you
setup the cluster's security groups to include inbound TCP rules that permit
public access from your trusted IP address and to make these rules as stringent
as feasible.
Ques: 19). Is it possible to move data from my current
Apache Kafka cluster to Amazon MSK?
Answer:
Yes, you may duplicate data from clusters onto an Amazon MSK
cluster using third-party tools or open-source tools like MirrorMaker,
supported by Apache Kafka. To assist you with completing a migration, Amazon
provides an Amazon MSK migration lab.
Answer:
You can process data in your MSK Serverless cluster topics
using any technologies that are Apache Kafka compliant. MSK Serverless
interacts with AWS Lambda for event processing and Amazon Kinesis Data
Analytics for stateful stream processing using Apache Flink. Kafka Connect sink
connectors may be used to transmit data to any desired location.
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