Showing posts with label DevOps. Show all posts
Showing posts with label DevOps. Show all posts

March 19, 2023

Top AWS CodeBuild Interview Questions and Answers


    AWS A cloud-based continuous integration solution called CodeBuild is fully managed. CodeBuild compiles source code, runs tests, and creates deployable packages. You no longer need to set up, oversee, and scale up your own build servers thanks to CodeBuild. Your builds won't have to wait in line since CodeBuild scales up and down automatically and handles several builds at once. Use CodeBuild's prefabricated build environments to get going immediately, or create your own build environments to use your own build tools. You just pay by the minute with CodeBuild.


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Ques. 1): What is a build project?

Answer:

To specify how CodeBuild will conduct a build, create a build project. It explains things like how to obtain the source code, how to use a build environment, what commands to run throughout the build process, and where to put the build output. An operating system, a runtime for a programming language, and the tools needed by CodeBuild to do a build are together referred to as a build environment.


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Ques. 2): Which Windows build runtimes does CodeBuild offer preconfigured?

Answer:

For .NET Core 2.0, CodeBuild offers a predefined Windows build environment. For Microsoft.NET Framework users, many of whom already have a licence to use the company's proprietary libraries, we would like to offer a preset build environment. Microsoft, however, has so far shown little interest in cooperating with us to fulfil these customer requests. By building a Docker image and submitting it to the Amazon EC2 Container Registry or the Docker Hub registry, you can modify your environment on your own to support additional build targets, such as the.NET Framework. This custom image can then be referred to in your build project.


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Ques. 3): How can I trace a failed build from the past?

Answer:

You can check the thorough logs produced throughout the build cycle to troubleshoot a build, or you can utilise CodeBuild Local to test and troubleshoot your builds locally.


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Ques. 4): How can CodeBuild distinguish between builds for different clients?

Answer:

CodeBuild executes your build in separate, brand-new environments free from other users, and it discards each environment after the build is finished. At both the infrastructure and execution levels, CodeBuild offers security and separation.


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Ques. 5): Why need I to utilise CodeBuild?

Answer:

Use CodeBuild's fully managed experience to avoid having to install, patch, and maintain the build server software yourself. Your build jobs are submitted to CodeBuild, which executes them in temporary compute containers that are freshly constructed with each build and then eliminated after use. You are not required to manage or create server software or hardware. Also, CodeBuild scales itself to accommodate your build volume. Each build you submit is promptly processed, and because it supports running several builds simultaneously, your builds are never held up in a queue.


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Ques. 6): What occurs when a build is executed?

Answer:

A temporary compute container of the class defined in the build project will be created by CodeBuild, which will then load it with the specified runtime environment, download the source code, run the commands configured in the project, upload the generated artefact to an S3 bucket, and then destroy the compute container. CodeBuild will send the build output to the service console and Amazon CloudWatch throughout the build.

 

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Ques. 7): How can I look at previous build outcomes?

Answer:

Your previous build results are accessible via the console, CloudWatch, or API. The outcomes include build duration, output artefact location, success or failure, and log location. You can monitor metrics to comprehend build behaviour over time with the CodeBuild dashboard. The dashboard shows the total number of builds that have been tried, completed, and failed.


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Ques. 8): How can I get notified or alerted when something happens in AWS CodeBuild?

Answer:

For occurrences that have an effect on your build projects, you can generate notifications. Amazon SNS notifications will be used for notifications. Each notification will have a link to the resources whose event caused it, along with a status message. There is no additional price for notifications, but you can be charged for other AWS services that notifications uses, including Amazon SNS. Consult the alerts user guide to understand how to get started. Customers can also set up notifications to go to their Slack channels or Amazon Chime chat rooms when utilising the AWS Chatbot.


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Ques. 9): Can I automate my release process with CodeBuild?

Answer:

Yes. AWS CodePipeline and CodeBuild have been connected. You can add a build action and set up a cloud-based continuous integration and delivery workflow. Through the CodePipeline console, you can learn how to configure and keep an eye on your builds.

 

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Ques. 10): Can CodeBuild be used with Jenkins?

Answer:

Yes. Jenkins jobs can incorporate CodeBuild using the CodeBuild Plugin for Jenkins. By sending the build jobs to CodeBuild, provisioning and managing the Jenkins worker nodes is no longer necessary.

 

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Ques. 11): Can I manage access to CodeBuild using Amazon Identity and Access Management (IAM)?

Answer:

Yes. With resource-level rights in IAM policies, you can restrict who has access to your build projects.

 

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Ques. 12): How should a construction project be configured?

Answer:

Configuring a build project can be done via the console or AWS CLI. You define the source repository's location, the build instructions, the runtime environment, the IAM role that the container will assume, and the compute class needed to execute the build. With a buildspec.yml file, you can optionally define the build commands.

 

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Ques. 13): Which coding frameworks is CodeBuild compatible with?

Answer:

For supported versions of Java, Ruby, Python, Go, Node.js, Android,.NET Core, PHP, and Docker, CodeBuild offers preset environments. By building a Docker image and submitting it to the Docker Hub registry or the Amazon EC2 Container Registry, you can also modify your own environment. This custom image can then be referred to in your build project.

 

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Ques. 14): Why are the.NET Core for Windows build environments unable to support build.general1.small?

Answer:

The build does not have enough memory or processing capacity to support the.NET Core for Windows build environment. due to the size of the Windows Docker base container and additional libraries, general1.small compute instance type. There is no free tier for the.NET Core for Windows build environment as a result of this restriction.

 

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Ques. 15): Does CodeBuild support any particular source repositories?

Answer:

To pull source code for builds, CodeBuild may connect to AWS CodeCommit, S3, GitHub, GitHub Enterprise, and Bitbucket.

 

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Ques. 16): How do I configure my initial build?

Answer:

Create a build project, log in to the Amazon Management Console, and then execute a build. See Getting Started, which contains a step-by-step tutorial, for an introduction to CodeBuild. To test and troubleshoot your build locally, use CodeBuild Local.

 

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Ques. 17): Can I encrypt the build artifacts stored by CodeBuild?

Answer:

Yes. Your artefacts can be encrypted using a key that is kept in the Amazon Key Management Service (AWS KMS).

 

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February 15, 2021

Top 20 AWS DevOps Cloud Interview Questions & Answers

 

Ques. 1): What do you know about AWS DevOps?

Answer: Your response needs to be clear and understandable. First, describe DevOps’ increasing significance in the IT industry. Discuss how such a strategy helps to synergize the production and operations teams’ strategies to maximize digital product distribution with a low failure rate. Talk about how DevOps is a value-added process where architecture and operation engineers collaborate during the product or service’s lifecycle, right from the design phase to the implementation phase.

 

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Ques. 2): What role does AWS play in DevOps?

Answer: Most often you will come across this DevOps Interview Question in your interviews. In DevOps, AWS has the following role:

   Flexible technology – Offers ready-to-use, customizable facilities without the need for program development or configuration.

   Constructed for scale – Using AWS systems, you can handle a single instance or scale to thousands.

   Automation – AWS lets you simplify activities and procedures, allowing you to create further

   Safe – You can configure user permissions and policies using the AWS Identity and Access Control (IAM).

   Large partner ecosystem – AWS supports a broad partner ecosystem that incorporates and expands AWS services.


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Ques. 3): Why the Opensource tools boost DevOps?

Answer: Opensource tools predominantly used by any organization which is adapting (or) adopted DevOps pipelines because devops came with the focus of automation in various aspects of organization build and release and change management and also infrastructure management areas.

So developing or using a single tool is impossible and also everything is basically trial and error phase of development and also agile cuts down the luxury of developing a single tool , so opensource tools were available on the market pretty much saves every purpose and also gives organization an option to evaluate the tool based on their need .


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Ques. 4): What are the uses of integrating cloud with DevOps?

Answer: The centralized nature of cloud computing provides DevOps automation with a standard and centralized platform for testing, deployment, and production.Most cloud providers gives Even DevOps technologies like CI tools and deployment tools as a service like codebuild, codepipeline, codedeploy in AWS makes easy and even faster rate of DevOps practice.


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Ques. 5): Why do you think a Version control system is necessary for DevOps team?

Answer: Application is all about code, if the UI is not behaving as expected, there could be a bug in the code. To track the code updates, versioning is a must.

By any chance if bug breaks the application, we should be able to revert it to the working codebase. Versioning helps to achieve this.

Also, by keeping a track of code commits by individuals, it is very easy to find the source of the bug in the code.


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Ques. 6): What are the different phases in DevOps?

Answer: The various aspects of the DevOps lifecycle are as the following:

      Plan– Originally, a schedule should be drawn up for the form of application to be created. It is still a smart thing to get a clear view of the production process.

      Code-The program is configured according to the needs of the end-user.

      Construct– Build the program by combining different codes developed in the preceding phases.

      Test-This is the most critical step in the creation of an application. Check the document, and if necessary, restore it.

      Integrate– Several codes are built into one by various programmers.

      Deploy– Technology is being distributed for further use in a cloud environment. It is assumed that the new developments will not impact the operation of a website with heavy traffic.

      Operate– Where necessary, operations are conducted on the file.

      Monitor– It tracks the performance of programs. Changes are made to meet the demands of the end-user.


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Ques. 7): Describe how “Infrastructure code” is processed or completed in AWS?

Answer: In AWS,

      The Infrastructure Code will be in JSON format

      This JSON code is stored in files called templates

      These templates can be deployed and then handled as stacks on AWS DevOps

      The CloudFormation provider will then do the stack process Forming, removing, upgrading, etc.


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Ques. 8): What is the concept of Continuous Integration in Devops?

Answer: Continuous integration is an increasingly critical aspect of the Agile process. Developers usually function during a sprint on functionality or user experiences and contribute their version control repository changes.

If the code has been committed, then the developers’ entire work is well organized, and the build is done on a routine basis depending on each check-in or schedule. Continuous integration thus requires the creator to merge their improvements with the others, to receive early feedback.


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Ques. 9): What are the scripting languages can be used in DevOps?

Answer: As with scripting languages , the basic shell scripting is used for build steps in Jenkins pipelines and python scripts can be used with any other tools like Ansible , terraform as a wrapper script for some other complex decision solving tasks in any automation as python is more superior in complex logic derivation than shell scripts and ruby scripts can also be used as build steps in Jenkins.


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Ques. 10): What is the distinction between Continuous Delivery and Continuous Deployment?

Answer: There are several applications or user stories that are created, tested, and ready for implementation in an Agile Sprint, For Instance. But not everyone will be implemented depending on the client’s requirements and goals. But it’s essential to keep the code readily accessible for distribution here in continuous Delivery.

In Continuous Deployment, all the improvements made by the developer go through different stages to be delivered in an automated fashion into the PRODUCTION circumstances.


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Ques. 11): What is the difference between Ansible and chef(or) puppet?

Answer: Ansible is Agentless configuration management tool, where puppet or chef needs agent needs to be run on the agent node and chef or puppet is based on pull model, where your cookbook or manifest for chef and puppet respectively from the master will be pulled by the agent and ansible uses ssh to communicate and it gives data-driven instructions to the nodes need to be managed , more like RPC execution, ansible uses YAML scripting, whereas puppet (or) chef is built by ruby uses their own DSL .


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Ques. 12): Is DevOps the part of Agile methodology?

Answer: Yes, DevOps is the part of agile methodology, with the main difference is that it can only be applied over the section on growth. Agile will, at the same time, be used for both processes and improvements.


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Ques. 13): Can you list out some of the popular tools for DevOps?

Answer: Some of the polular tools are:

      Git

      Jenkins

      Ansible

      Puppet

      Nagios

      Docker

      ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)


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Ques. 14): How many types of repositories available in Git?

Answer: There are two types of repositories available in Git:

Bare Repositories (Central): These repositories are only for Storing & Sharing the code. All central repositories are bare repositories

Non – Bare Repositories (Local): In these repositories, we can modify the files. All local /user repositories are Bare Repositories.


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Ques. 15): Can you explain Pair Programming concerning DevOps?

Answer: Pair programming is an Extreme Programming Principles Architecture technique. Two programmer function on the very same device in this form, on the same layout/algorithm/code.

One programmer acts as a “horse,” and another acts as an “observer” who always watches a project’s development to detect issues. With no intimation, the functions can be switched at any time.


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Ques. 16): What is docker swarm?

Answer: Group of Virtual machines with Docker Engine can be clustered and maintained as a single system and the resources also being shared by the containers and docker swarm master schedules the docker container in any of the machines under the cluster according to resource availability

Docker swarm init can be used to initiate docker swarm cluster and docker swarm join with the master IP from client joins the node into the swarm cluster.


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Ques. 17): What is a version control system?

Answer: Version Control System (VCS) is a software that helps software developers to work together and maintain a complete history of their work.

Some of the feature of VCS as follows:

   Allow developers to wok simultaneously

   Does not allow overwriting on each other changes.

   Maintain the history of every version.

There are two types of Version Control Systems:

1.      Central Version Control System, Ex: Git, Bitbucket

2.      Distributed/Decentralized Version Control System, Ex: SVN


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Ques. 18): What is Git Bisect?

Answer: Git Bisect we use to pick bad commit out of all good commits. Often developers do some mistakes. For them it is very difficult to pick that commit where mistake is there. They go with building all commits one by one to pick bad commit. But Git bisect made their lives easy. Git bisect divides all commits equally in to two parts (bisecting equally). Now instead of building each commit, they go with building both parts. Where ever bad commit is there, that part build will be failed. We do operation many times till we get bad commit. So Git bisect allows you to find a bad commit out of good commits. You don’t have to trace down the bad commit by hand; git-bisect will do that for you.


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Ques. 19): What is IAC?

Answer: IAC means Infrastructure As Code. It is the process through which we automate all admin tasks. Here we write code in Ruby script in chef. When you apply this code, automatically code will be converted into Infrastructure. So here we are getting so many advantages in writing the code. Those are

1. Code is Testable (Testing code is easy compare to Infrastructure)

2. Code is Repeatable (Can re-use the same code again and again)

3. Code is Versionable (Can store in versions so that can get any previous versions at any time)


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Ques. 20): What is the role Of HTTP REST API in DevOps?

Answer: As Devops is purely focuses on Automating your infrastructure and provides changes over the pipeline for different stages like an each CI/CD pipeline will have stages like build, test, sanity test, UAT, Deployment to Prod environment as with each stage there are different tools is used and different technology stack is presented and there needs to be a way to integrate with different tool for completing a series toolchain, there comes a need for HTTP API , where every tool communicates with different tools using API , and even user can also use SDK to interact with different tools like BOTO for Python to contact AWS API’s for automation based on events , nowadays its not batch processing anymore , it is mostly event driven pipelines


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