Showing posts with label elastic. Show all posts
Showing posts with label elastic. Show all posts

April 17, 2022

Top AWS Cloud Interview Questions and Answers Part - 2

 


Ques. 1): What is Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), and what are its advantages and disadvantages?

Answer:

EC2 is an AWS service that allows customers to rent virtual computers on which to run their programmes. With the help of EC2, it is possible to deploy applications on a huge scale. Users can use EC2 to access a virtual machine by booting an AMI (Amazon Machine Language). Amazon refers to the configuration of a virtual machine using AMI as a 'instance.' With the help of EC2, you may launch, create, and stop a large number of server instances for your company or organisation. When you use EC2 for your business or organisation, you will have to pay per second for the amount of active servers.

EC2 delivers permanent storage and elastic IP addresses in addition to a variety of virtual operating systems. Amazon CloudWatch is another popular service among EC2 clients since it allows them to track resource usage. Amazon CloudWatch may be used to track the CPU, network, and other resources used by RDS database replicas. EC2's auto-scaling capability aids in adjusting to changes in traffic. If someone utilises EC2 for an e-commerce site, for example, it will automatically scale up as the site's traffic grows.

 

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Ques. 2): What exactly is Amazon S3? Elaborate.

Answer:

Simple Storage Service (S3) provides organisations and IT professionals with scalable object storage capacity. It was one of the first services offered by Amazon Web Services. Users can store and retrieve data from remote places using S3's simple web services interface. S3 has buckets for storing files and data.

As it is a universal namespace, users establish a bucket in S3 and name it. When a file is successfully uploaded to the specified S3 bucket, an HTTP 200 code is returned. To generate the DNS address, each bucket is given a unique name (unique).

You can also download data from an S3 bucket and make it available to other users. The authentication mechanism of S3 helps in securing the data from any possible breaches.

 

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Ques. 3): Briefly describe the many types of cloud service models.

Answer:

There are three different types of cloud service models:

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) allows consumers to use the internet to access virtual computing resources. IaaS allows a service provider to host a server, storage, hardware, and other resources on behalf of consumers. IaaS platforms provide a lot of scalability and can adjust to the workload. Users' activities such as system maintenance, backup, and resilience are also managed by IaaS providers.

Platform as a Service (PaaS) enables service providers to supply software and hardware to their customers. PaaS is mostly utilised in the application development process, and it allows users to obtain applications from service providers via the internet. PaaS allows users to develop and test applications without having to invest in in-house software or hardware.

Software as a Service (SaaS) is a popular software delivery model supplied by service providers. SaaS can be used to supply on-demand computer applications to users/customers. Patch administration and management are simplified with the SaaS paradigm.

 

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Ques. 4): What are the advantages and disadvantages of EC2's auto-scaling feature?

Answer:

AWS EC2's auto-scaling capability dynamically scales up computing capacity based on demand. It aids in the continuous operation of business processes. In only a few minutes, Auto Scaling can help you scale various resources in AWS. Aside from EC2, you can opt to scale other AWS services and tools automatically as needed. The following are the advantages of the EC2 auto-scaling feature:

AWS EC2's auto-scaling capability is simple to set up. Under the same interface, you can see the utilisation levels of numerous resources. To view the utilisation level of numerous resources, you don't have to switch between consoles. Auto-scaling is a unique feature that automates the scaling process. It also tracks how different resources react to changes and scales them automatically. The auto-scaling capability not only adds processing capacity, but it also removes/reduces it as needed.

The auto-scaling feature optimises application performance even when the workload is unpredictable. Auto-scaling ensures that an application's optimal performance level is maintained.

 

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Ques. 5): Assume your company uses AWS to host an application that allows users to display graphics and conduct general calculation activities. The management team at your company has advised that incoming traffic on the hosted application be routed through an application load balancer. Explain why using an application load balancer to route incoming traffic is a smart idea?

Answer:

This is an example of an AWS interview question based on a scenario. A candidate should not only have theoretical understanding, but also understand how various AWS services are used in the market and how they work.

User requests for image rendering can be directed only to image rendering servers, while requests for general computing can be routed to computing servers. This will aid in balancing the load on different servers and gaining access to them as necessary.

 

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Ques. 6): What is AWS VPC and how does it work?

Answer:

Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) allows users to deploy AWS resources into a private virtual network. Because the virtual network is defined by the user, the user can manage different features of the virtual network, such as subnet formation, IP address, and so on.

Firms can create a virtual network within their business and use all of AWS's services for it. VPC also allows users to establish a routing table for their virtual network. The direction of incoming traffic is defined by a routing table, which is a set of rules.

The internet gateway provided by AWS VPC can also be used to establish connection between your virtual network and the internet. Amazon's VPC can be accessed through a variety of interfaces, including the AWS management panel, AWS CLI (Command Line Interface), AWS SDKs, and Query API. Users can pay for extra VPC components like NAT gateways, traffic mirroring, and private links if they need them.

 

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Ques. 7): Your company wants to link its data centre to Amazon's cloud environment to improve accessibility and performance. Which course of action would you recommend in the above scenario?

Answer:

If a candidate is looking for a position as a data scientist or engineer, AWS data engineer interview questions can be asked. With the help of VPC, my company's data centre can be connected to the Amazon cloud environment (Virtual Private Cloud). I would recommend that my company create a virtual private network (VPC) and then connect it to the data centre. My company can then use VPC to launch AWS resources in the virtual private network. A virtual private network will connect the firm's data centre to the AWS global network in a secure manner. Adding cloud services to our organisation will enable us to complete more work in less time while reducing costs over time.

I would also recommend making numerous backups of the company's data before successfully shifting it to the cloud. AWS provides cost-effective backup services, with the option to automate backups at a predetermined period.

 

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Ques. 8): What do you know about AWS's NAT gateways?

Answer:

AWS' NAT (Network Address Translation) service aids in the connection of an EC2 instance to the internet. The NAT-enabled EC2 instance should be in a private subnet. Not only can NAT help connect an EC2 instance to other AWS services, but it can also help connect an EC2 instance to the internet.

Because the EC2 instance is in a private subnet, connecting to the internet through any other method would make it public. While establishing a connection between the EC2 instance and the internet, NAT assists in maintaining the private subnet. For creating a connection between EC2 instances and internet/AWS services, users can deploy NAT gateways or NAT instances.

NAT instances are single EC2 instances, while NAT gateways can be used across various availability zones. If you are creating a NAT instance, it will support a fixed amount of traffic decided by the instance’s size.

 

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Ques. 9): What are your thoughts on Amazon Redshift?

Answer:

Amazon’s RedShift data warehouse service is a cloud-based data warehouse. In comparison to other cloud data warehouses, it is quick and scalable. In comparison to other online data warehouses, Redshift gives ten times the performance and speed. It makes use of cutting-edge technology like as machine learning and columnar storage to justify its high stability and performance. AWS Redshift can scale to petabytes and terabytes of data.

Redshift's analytics processing system is OLAP, and it has two nodes for data/information storage. It provides fast performance during AWS activities in the cloud because to its advanced compression and parallel processing. One can easily add new nodes in the warehouse using AWS Redshift. Developers can answer a query faster and can also solve complex problems using Redshift.

 

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Ques. 10): What is the difference between horizontal and vertical scaling in AWS?

Answer:

This is one of the AWS basic interview questions that a candidate will be asked. It's also one of the most common AWS fresher interview questions. Continue reading to learn the answer to this Amazon Web Services (AWS) interview question.

Vertical scaling occurs when RDS/EC2 servers change the instance size for scalability purposes. In vertical scaling, a higher instance size is used for scaling up, whereas a lower instance size is chosen for scaling down. Vertical scaling in AWS allows you to change the size of the instance on the fly.

In contrast to vertical scaling, horizontal scaling changes the size of an instance based on the requirements. The number of nodes/instances in a system is changed without altering their size via horizontal scaling. The horizontal auto-scaling is based on the number of connections between an instance and the integrated ELB (Elastic Load Balancer).

 

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Ques. 11): What are your thoughts on AWS CloudTrail?

Answer:

AWS CloudTrail is a tool that allows users to audit their AWS accounts. It also aids in maintaining AWS account compliance and control. CloudTrail begins operating as soon as an AWS account is activated, recording every AWS activity as an event. The CloudTrail console can be used at any time to view recent events and actions. The CloudTrail records all of a user's or role's efforts. The CloudTrail also keeps track of the actions made by various AWS services.

You'll have more visibility into your AWS account and the actions linked with it using CloudTrail. In any organization's AWS infrastructure, you can quickly get to know any particular activity and gain control over the AWS infrastructure.

 

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Ques. 12): Your company has been using AWS services for the past year. You are a senior developer at your company, and you have been tasked with calculating the cost of AWS services for your company. How will you assess the cost of AWS services to guarantee that you are not overpaying for them?

In AWS interview questions, cost management might be a significant issue to highlight. This is also an example of a scenario-based interview question from AWS.

I'll use the 'Top Services Table,' which can be found in AWS' cost management tool. It will tell me about our company's top five services and how much money we spend on them. I will also take the aid of cost explorer services offered by AWS that will let me analyze the last 13 months’ usage and associated costs.

One can use the cost allocation tags for identifying the AWS resource that has cost more than other services in any particular month.

 

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Ques. 13): Your company has an AWS-based application, and the management intends to add email functionality to it. As a member of your company's management team, how will you tackle this situation?

Answer:

AWS-based applications work well with Amazon's numerous services for a wide range of use cases. Other Amazon services that work well with AWS should be familiarised with because AWS interview questions may be based on them.

For integrating email capabilities with our AWS-based application, I recommend using Amazon SES (Simple Email Service). SES may assist us with a variety of mail forwarding services, including mass mailing, transactional mailing, marketing mailing, and so on. SES is a cost-effective solution for integrating email functionality within multiple applications. The scalable SES service is highly secure and can help my firm send mails globally.

 

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Ques. 14): What are your thoughts on Amazon CloudWatch? Briefly describe its advantages.

Answer:

Amazon Cloudwatch is a tool that allows you to keep track of how AWS services and resources are being used in real time. CloudWatch employs a number of metrics to assist understand how AWS resources and services are being utilised. The metrics connected to customised AWS apps can also be viewed via CloudWatch, as the CloudWatch interface is similarly customisable. CloudWatch by default displays a number of metrics related to the AWS services being used. CloudWatch allows users to modify and select a set of metrics to be displayed.

CloudWatch services can be accessed through a variety of methods, including the CloudWatch console, AWS CLI, CloudWatch API, and AWS SDKs. We may use CloudWatch to monitor the operational health of AWS services in addition to resource use.

 

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Ques. 15): A key was produced from the firm headquarters in Asia to encrypt AWS data in the US area. The key was also expanded to include multiple users and a backup AWS account. However, the key was not mentioned while encrypting an asset in S3 in the United States. What is the issue that officials in the United States are unable to list the key?

Answer:

This is an example of a question from an AWS fresher interview. The candidates' industry-oriented approach is defined through scenario-based AWS interview questions.

The data that has to be encrypted on AWS should be stored in the same region as the key. The data is encrypted in the given case in the United States. But the key was created in the Asia region. It doesn’t matter if you link an external AWS account in some other region while the data encryption is to be done in some other region.

 

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Ques. 16): Tell us about CloudFront CDN and what you know about it.

Answer:

CloudFront CDN (Computer Delivery Network) is a collection of dispersed servers that provide web content such as websites and other types of files. CloudFront CDN delivers content based on the user's geographic location, the origin of the webpage, and the content delivery server. All of the files that will be distributed by the CDN must have a declared origin. An S3 bucket, an AWS instance, or an elastic load balancer can all be used as CDN origins.

CloudFront CDN offers two forms of distribution: web distribution and RTMP. For websites, web distribution is employed, whereas for media streaming, RTMP is used. There are around 50 edge locations distributed in various parts of the world. Edge locations are sites where the web content is cached during the delivery process.

 

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Ques. 17): What does AWS' Simple Notification Service entail?

Answer:

The AWS Simple Notification Service (SNS) allows you to deliver messages from one application to another. It's a low-cost solution that allows users to publish messages from any application and have them forwarded to other applications. SNS may also send push alerts to a variety of mobile devices, including iPhones, Android phones, and Windows phones. AWS SNS can also be used to deliver an email or SMS to an HTTP endpoint.

The best feature of SNS is the ability to group different sorts of endpoints. SNS also allows you to group several sorts of endpoints into one topic. SNS, for example, can be used to group Apple and Android recipients and send messages to all of them. SNS stores the messages already published in various availability zones to prevent any type of data loss.

 

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Ques. 18): Every 10 minutes, your firm's application is responsible for retrieving data from your subscribers'/users' mobile devices. DynamoDB is used to store the data that was retrieved. For each user, the data is retrieved and stored in S3. After the data has been extracted, the programme assists the user with data visualisation. As a senior architect at your firm, you've been tasked with optimising the backend architecture in order to reduce costs. What suggestions do you have?

Answer:

AWS interview questions can vary depending on the job role being applied for. This is an example of a question asked during an AWS architect interview.

To cache the data saved in DynamoDB, I propose utilising Amazon Elasticache. Elasticache reduces the provisioned read throughput without compromising the system's performance. Using Elasticache will also help our firm slash the cost as it is cheaper than any other provisioned IO.

 

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Ques. 19): What are your thoughts on Amazon's S3 transfer acceleration service?

Answer:

Uploads to AWS Simple Storage Service (S3) are accelerated using S3 transfer acceleration. S3 transfer acceleration transfers the file to the nearest edge location rather than straight to an S3 bucket. S3 transfer acceleration uses a unique URL to upload the file to the closest edge location and then transfer it to the needed S3 bucket.

S3 transfer acceleration uses the CloudFront edge network to speed up uploads while also optimising the transfer process. The file will be automatically sent to the S3 bucket from the edge point where it was uploaded in less time.

 

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Ques. 20): Describe some of the benefits of using AWS RDS.

Because AWS RDS is one of the most commonly used database services in the world, AWS interview questions are likely to revolve around it. Continue reading to learn more about AWS interview questions and answers.

The following are some of the advantages of using AWS RDS:

  • You may control/tweak various database services such as CPU, storage, and others independently while utilising AWS RDS.
  • AWS RDS allows you to set up automatic backups and keep your database servers up to date with the newest configuration.
  • In addition, AWS RDS produces a backup instance that may be used in the event of a failover, preventing data loss.
  • Create RDS read replicas from the source database to distribute the read traffic.

 

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<<Top AWS Cloud Interview Questions and Answers Part - 1

 

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