Ques. 1): What is Amazon S3?
Answer:
Amazon S3 is a storage service
that offers the best scalability in the industry. We can utilise S3 to store
and retrieve a specific quantity at any time and from any location on the
internet.
We can store a limitless quantity
of data and objects, with items ranging in size from 0 bytes to 5 terabytes. We
can carry out duties related to the AWS administration console, which is a
simple and automated web interface. Amazon S3 is a web-based service that is
meant for online backup and preservation of data and application programmes. It
is scalable, high-speed, and low-cost.
AWS RedShift Interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 2): When it comes to
storage, what's the difference between object and block storage?
Answer:
Data on a raw physical storage
device is separated into individual blocks and managed by a file system with
block-level storage. The file system is in charge of allocating space for files
and data kept on the underlying device, as well as giving access anytime the
operating system needs to read data.
A flat surface for data storage
is provided by an object storage system like S3. This straightforward approach
eliminates some of block storage's OS-related difficulties and allows anyone to
access any amount of storage capacity with ease.
When you upload files to S3, you
can include up to 2 KB of metadata. The metadata is made up of keys that
establish system details like data permissions and the appearance of a file
system location within nested buckets.
Mostly Asked AWS
Cloud Practitioner Interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 3): What is Amazon Web
Services (AWS) Backup?
Answer:
- We can store backups on the
AWS Cloud using the AWS Backup service.
- It merely serves as a
conduit or proxy for storing backups in the cloud.
- AWS Backup can backup a
variety of AWS products, including EBS volumes (used by EC2 instances or
virtual machines).
- RDS databases, DynamoDB, and
even Amazon Elastic File System, or EFS, may all be backed up.
- To do so, you'll need to
construct a backup plan that includes scheduling, retention, and the
ability to tag the recovery points that are saved as backups.
- AWS Backup has a scheduling
feature that is related to the recovery point goal. The RPO, or recovery
point objective, is a disaster recovery phrase that expresses the greatest
amount of data loss that may be tolerated in terms of time. Within the
backup plan, we have backup retention rules and lifecycle rules for
changing the storage class of items that are backed up.
- To store the recovery
points, we'll need a backup vault.
- We can either pick objects
based on their AWS resource ID or specify AWS Resources to be assigned to
backup plans.
- Using the consolidated AWS
backup console, we can keep track of backup operations.
- We can also perform backups
on demand. We don't have to wait for the schedule, and we can restore data
from backups taken before.
AWS Lambda Interview
Questions and Answers
Ques. 4): What is S3 Versioning?
Answer:
Versioning is a feature that S3
buckets support. Versioning is turned on for the bucket as a whole. Versioning
allows you to track the numerous changes made to a file over time. When
versioning is enabled, each file receives a unique Version ID each time it is
uploaded. Consider the following scenario: a bucket contains a file, and a user
uploads a fresh updated copy of the same file to the bucket; both files have
their own Version ID and timestamps from when they were uploaded. So, if one
has to go back in time to an earlier version of a file, versioning makes it
simple. Please keep in mind that versioning can be costly in a variety of
situations.
Also, while S3's versioning may
appear to be similar to Version Control System (VCS), it is not. Please utilise
Git, SVN, or any similar software if your developers require a VCS solution.
AWS Cloudwatch
interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 5): What is resource-based
bucket policy, and how does it work?
Answer:
• We may use a
conditional statement to verify that complete control permissions are granted
to a specific account defined by an ID, and we can use a resource-based bucket
policy to allow another AWS account to upload objects to another bucket.
• We can't use a
resource-based ACL with IAM policy since conditional statements aren't
supported in this configuration.
AWS Cloud Support Engineer Interview Question and Answers
Ques. 6): What are the
prerequisites for using AWS SDK S3 with a Spring Boot app?
Answer:
We'll need a few things to use
the AWS SDK:
1. AWS Account: We'll need an
account with Amazon Web Services. If you don't already have one, go ahead and
create one.
2. AWS Security Credentials:
These are the access keys that enable us to call AWS API actions
programmatically. We can obtain these credentials in one of two ways: using AWS
root account credentials from the Security Credentials page's access keys section,
or using IAM user credentials from the IAM console. Refer How to generate
access key and secret key to access Amazon S3
3. AWS Region to store S3
object: We must choose an AWS region (or regions) to store our Amazon S3 data.
Remember that the cost of S3 storage varies by region. Visit the official
documents for more information.
4. AWS S3 Bucket: We will need
S3 Bucket to store the objects/files.
AWS Solution Architect Interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 7): What Scripting Options
Are Available When Mounting a File System to Amazon S3?
Answer:
There are a number different ways
to set up Amazon S3 as a local drive on Linux-based systems, including
installations with Amazon S3 mounted EC2.
1. S3FS-FUSE: This is a basic
utility and a free, open-source FUSE plugin that supports major Linux and MacOS
systems. S3FS is also in charge of caching files locally in order to improve
performance. The Amazon S3 bucket will appear as a disc on your PC thanks to
this plugin.
2. ObjectiveFS: The Amazon S3 and
Google Cloud Storage backends are supported by ObjectiveFS, a commercial FUSE
plugin. It claims to provide a full POSIX-compliant file system interface,
avoiding the need for appends to rewrite entire files. It also has the same
level of efficiency as a local drive.
3. RioFS: RioFS is a little tool
created in the C programming language. RioFS is similar to S3FS, but it has a
few limitations: it does not allow adding to files, it does not fully support
POSIX-compliant file system interfaces, and it cannot rename files.
AWS DevOps Cloud Interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 8): What is Amazon S3
Replication, and how does it work?
Answer:
AWS S3 Replication facilitates
asynchronous object copying between AWS S3 buckets.
It is an elastic, low-cost, and
fully managed feature that aids in duplicating items in buckets, as well as
providing flexibility and functionality in cloud storage while providing us
with the controls we require to meet our data sovereignty and other business
demands.
AWS(Amazon Web Services) Interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 9): What Are The AWS S3
Storage Classes?
Answer:
Some of the storage classes
offered in S3 are as follows:
- S3 Storage Class (Standard):
The S3 standard class is used as a default storage class if no other
storage classes are provided during the upload.
- S3 (Standard Storage Class
for Infrequent Access): S3 (Standard Storage Class for Infrequent We can
utilise the standard storage class for infrequent access when we need to
access data less frequently but quickly and without delay.
- S3 Storage Class with
Reduced Redundancy: In the case of lesser degrees of redundancy, this
storage class performs better in replicating data. For this purpose, it's
a great alternative to S3 standard storage.
- S3 Glacier Storage Class: S3
glacier storage is designed for low-cost data archiving and backup.
AWS Database Interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 10): What is CloudFront in
Amazon S3?
Answer:
CloudFront is a Content
Distribution Network that pulls data from an Amazon S3 bucket and distributes
it across many datacenters.
It also sends data through a
network of edge sites, which are routed when a user requests data, resulting in
minimal latency and low network traffic, as well as quick access to data.
ActiveMQ Interview Questions and Answers
Ques. 11): Using the GUI, how
will you upload files to S3?
Answer:
• S3
buckets are cloud storage solutions in AWS.
• Go
to the S3 Management Console and log in. It includes a bucket list.
• If
the bucket is empty, we can use a storage device to arrange files.
• Make
a folder system. There is a four-column table on the screen. Name, Last
modified, Size, and Storage class are the column headers.
• For
encryption, use the bucket settings, leave the defaults, and click Save.
• As
a result, we established a folder in our S3 bucket.
• Within
the Overview tab, we may create a subordinate folder.
• Using
the Upload dialogue and Select files, we can upload files.
• We
can upload files by dragging and dropping them from other parts of our screen
to this spot, or we can select Add files, which I will do.
• When
you've chosen some files, you'll see the total number of files and their sizes
at the top, which might help you estimate how long it will take to upload them
depending on your Internet connection speed.
• We
can see the Target path, which is where it will be uploaded to our bucket's
Projects folder.
• We
may just click Add more files if we forgot to add files.
• If
we don't want to upload something, we can click the x to remove it.
• If
both Read and Write permissions are granted. Other AWS accounts with rights to
these uploaded objects can be added.
• We
can modify the encryption by selecting a file and going to the Actions menu and
selecting Change encryption.
Ques. 12): Can you explain the S3
Block Public Access feature?
Answer:
• New buckets, access points, and
objects do not allow public access by default. To provide public access, users
can change bucket policies, access point policies, or object permissions.
• We get a list of buckets in the S3
Management Console.
• For instance, select an existing
bucket.
• Go to the Permissions tab.
• Overview, Properties, Permissions,
and Management are the four tabs on the page. The Overview tab is now active.
We have a number of alternatives when we click to the Permissions tab. Block
public access, Access Control List, Bucket Policy, and CORS configuration are
the four choices available.
• Select Block public access from the
drop-down menu. Select Access Control List from the drop-down menu. Select the
Bucket Policy option from the drop-down menu. Block all public access by
clicking Edit. That option will be saved.
• We can restrict public access to
buckets and objects granted by any access control list, as well as buckets and
objects granted by new public bucket policies.
Ques. 13): What is S3 Bucket
Encryption, and how does it work?
Answer:
• Encryption
ensures data security, and you may set default encryption on an S3 bucket,
ensuring that all things uploaded to S3 are encrypted.
• We
may also choose individual items within a bucket to see if they are encrypted
separately.
• Open
the bucket settings in the S3 Management Console by clicking on it.
• The
corresponding page opens when you click the bucket.
• Overview,
Properties, Permissions, and Management are the four tabs on the page.
• The
Overview tab is now active. It has the following options: Upload, Create
folder, Download, and Actions.
• Select
the Properties tab from the drop-down menu.
• Encryption
is disabled by default.
• Select
that panel by clicking on it. It is currently set to None.
• With
Amazon Managed keys, we may use AES-256, Advanced Encryption Standard 256 bits
server-side encryption. I can also utilise Key Management Service, or AWS-KMS
managed keys, which allows me to select the encryption keys.
Ques. 14): What is S3 Lifecycle
Management, and how are you going to construct a Rule?
Answer:
• An
S3 Lifecycle configuration is a set of rules that specify how Amazon S3 handles
a collection of objects.
• We
may determine about S3 items over time using lifecycle management settings. For
example, 30 days after generating an item, you might choose to transition it to
the S3 Standard-IA storage class, or one year later, archive it to the S3
Glacier storage class.
• Make
a Rule:
• When
we open the S3 Management Console, we can see that S3 is divided into three
portions. The toolbar is the first part. The navigation pane is the second
part. In the navigation pane, the Buckets option is selected. A content pane is
the third component.
• Any
S3 bucket pane can be opened. Overview, Properties, Permissions, and Management
are among the tabs.
• For
the bucket's contents, we can actually establish lifecycle management settings.
When a user selects the Management tab, Lifecycle appears as an option. If a
user clicks on the bucket, for example, the associated page opens. He chooses
the Management option. Lifecycle, Replication, Analytics, Metrics, and
Inventory are among the tabs.
• Navigate
to the Lifecycle tab. It has the Add lifecycle rule, Edit, Delete, and Actions
buttons. The user selects Add lifecycle rule from the drop-down menu. The
dialogue box for the Lifecycle rule appears. A page named "Name and
Scope" is now available.
• Add
a lifecycle Rule1.
• Within
an S3 bucket, users can activate versioning. We can choose whether this
lifecycle rule applies to the current or earlier version of files or objects.
Select the most recent option. Then select Add Transition from the drop-down
menu.
• There
is a drop-down list box labelled Object creation, as well as a text box
labelled Days after creation.
• The
Transition to Standard-IA after, Transition to Intelligent-Tiering after,
Transition to One Zone-IA after, and Transition to Glacier after options are
available in the Object creation drop-down list box.
• Select
Glacier if the user requires things to be archived. They are not to be removed
or deleted, according to the user. So, we may say that the object was generated
after one year, 365 days, and it was automatically archived to Glacier.
• Now,
Glacier is a cheaper storage mechanism over the long term.
• Click
on next and save finally to create Rule 1.
Ques. 15): How Do I Control Who
Has Access To An S3 Bucket?
Answer:
Some of the most frequent methods
for controlling access to an S3 bucket are as follows:
Access Points for S3: Each
application has its own set of S3 access points, which we may utilise to manage
S3 dataset access.
S3 Bucket Policies: We can set up
access policies to control who has access to S3 resources. Permissions that
only apply to objects within a bucket can also be configured at the bucket
level.
Access Control List (ACL): We can
use ACL to manage access to S3 resources and objects within a bucket.
IAM: To govern access to S3
resources, we can utilise AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) Groups,
Roles, and Users.
Ques. 16): What is an object URL,
and how does one create one?
Answer:
In AWS parlance, any file
uploaded to S3 is referred to as a 'object.' A unique url is assigned to each
object stored in an S3 bucket. This url is simply the object's address, and it
can be used to access the object over the internet if it is public. The object
url is made up of 'https://' and the bucket name, followed by's3-' region API
name, '.amazonaws.com/', the file name with extension, and finally
'?versionId=' the Version ID. As an example, consider the following.
https://bucket1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/test1.txt?versionId=BdfDasp.WSEVgRTg46DF_7MnbVcxZ_4AfB
Please note, if this bucket would
had been in Virginia region, the url wont consist the region API name in it and
would appear as follows:
https://bucket1.s3.amazonaws.com/test.txt?versionId=BdfDasp.WSEVgRTg46DF_7MnbVcxZ_4AfB
Ques. 17): What Is AWS S3's
Object Lock Feature?
Answer:
AWS S3's object lock
functionality allows users to save data in WORM (write-once, read-many) format.
For a limited time or
indefinitely, the user can prevent the data from being erased or rewritten in
this way. Organizations use the AWS S3 object lock capability to comply with
WORM storage regulatory requirements.
Ques. 18): What Are the Retention
Methods for Object Locks?
Answer:
The two main object retention
choices are as follows:
Retention Time: A user can
provide a retention period (days, months, or years) for their object in the S3
bucket using this technique. No one can overwrite or remove the protected
object during this time.
Legal Restrictions: The duration
of an object lock is not specified in this function. Unless a user deactivates
it directly, it remains active.
Ques. 19): How would
you upgrade or downgrade a system with Near-Zero downtime?
Answer:
The following steps can help us
upgrade or downgrade a system having near-zero downtime:
Step 1: Enter the EC2 console
Step 2: Navigate to the AMI
operating system
Step 3: Use the recent instance
type to open an instance
Step 4: Install updates and
applications
Step 5: Check the instance if
it’s working or not
Step 6: If the instance is
working, cover up the old instance with the new one by expanding it
Step 7: After the instance is
extended, we can upgrade or downgrade a system with near-zero downtime.
Ques. 20): In S3, what is Static
Website Hosting?
Answer:
A static website is a document
that is kept in an AWS S3 bucket and is written in HTML, CSS, or Javascript.
This website can be hosted on an S3 bucket that serves as a web server. Other
AWS options for hosting dynamic websites are available.
Uploading an html page to an AWS
S3 bucket is required to host a static website. The 'Static Website Hosting'
option is easily found in the bucket properties. Select the Enable option and
specify the index file that was uploaded to S3. To keep things simple, the
index document should be uploaded to the root of the S3 bucket.
