Showing posts with label ecr. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ecr. Show all posts

March 28, 2023

Top 20 AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN) Interview Questions and Answers

  

The main migration service advised for lift-and-shift migrations to Amazon is AWS Application Migration Service (AWS MGN). For upcoming migrations, customers who presently use Server Migration Service (SMS) are urged to transition to Application Migration Service.

Your transfer to the cloud is sped up and made simpler by Amazon Application Migration Service. You may instantly reap the rewards of moving applications to the cloud without making changes and with little to no downtime.

You can move your applications to AWS from physical infrastructure, VMware vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (AmazonEC2), Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC), and other clouds using the AWS Application Migration Service.

 

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Ques. 1): What key distinctions exist between Amazon Server Migration Service and AWS Application Migration Service?

Answer:

The Application Migration Service (MGN) offers minute-long cutover windows and continuous, block-level replication. The Server Migration Service (SMS) offers cutover windows of a few hours and gradual, snapshot-based replication.

The main service advised for moving your apps to AWS is Application Migration Service. You have until March 31, 2023, to use SMS APIs in the event that Application Migration Service is not offered in a certain AWS Region.

 

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Ques. 2): How long can my server volumes be replicated from my local environment to AWS?

Answer:

Your local servers can be replicated to Amazon for up to 90 days (per server). Use time is measured from the start of a server replication till the replication task is stopped. Your replication task will be automatically cancelled after 90 days. Please discuss your use case with the AWS Support team if you want to raise this restriction.

 

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Ques. 3): What are the main advantages of transferring on-premise Hyper-V VMs using AWS Server Migration Service?

Answer:

SMS enables users to greatly decrease human effort in migration by automating an incremental replication of live server volumes to the AWS cloud as AMIs. By letting users schedule replications and monitor the progress of a group of servers, SMS manages server migrations, easing the logistical strain of organising massive server migrations. Customers may test server migrations with ease thanks to incremental replication capability.


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Ques. 4): What does AWS Server Migration Service's multi-server migration entail?

Answer:

Applications can now more easily and affordably be moved from on-premises datacenters to Amazon EC2 thanks to the multi-server migration functionality provided by AWS Server Migration Service. Instead of moving each server separately, multi-server migration enables you to move whole application stacks. Applications can be divided into groups of servers, and you can replicate them all together and keep track of their migration progress. With an automatically created CloudFormation Template, you can easily run and configure the migrated application.


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Ques. 5): How can I use Server Migration Service's multi-server migration feature?

Answer:

The first step after importing the on-premises server catalogue into Server Migration Service via the SMS Connector is configuring an application using the CLI or APIs. There is no need to take any more step if you are already utilising Server Migration Service and have setup an SMS role using a managed policy. A new role is necessary for multi-server migration in order to use CloudFormation to launch instances.


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Ques. 6): What kind of consistency is offered by AWS Server Migration Service for snapshots?

Answer:

For the servers that are a part of an application group, AWS Server Migration Service generates crash consistent snapshots. All of the servers inside an application's framework are prompted to take these snapshots at roughly the same time. Moreover, you can use Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) to take application consistent snapshots on servers running Windows operating systems in VMware environments.

 

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Ques. 7): What does the AWS Server Migration Service produce?

Answer:

Each duplicated server disc is saved as a fresh Amazon Machine Image (AMI), which is then usable to start an EC2 instance (virtual machine) in the AWS cloud. Server Migration Service will launch the servers in a CloudFormation stack using an automatically created CloudFormation template if you are utilising application groups.


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Ques. 8): In my virtualization environment, is it safe to deploy the AWS Server Migration Service Connector?

Answer:

Absolutely, confidential data is not collected by the AWS Server Migration Service Connector; it simply obtains snapshots of server volumes and basic VM inventory data from VMware vCenter.


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Ques. 9): What System Center permissions are necessary to deploy SMS Connector and begin migration?

Answer:

With the SCVMM server, the SMS connection securely connects using the Windows remote management protocol (WinRM). A non-admin AD user must be added to the SCVMM host's "Remote Management Users" group, have restricted access to the CMIV2 and SCVMM WMI objects, and be a member of the "Delegated administrator" group in order to use the connector. To securely communicate remote commands from Connector deployed on a private network inside your datacenter, a firewall port must be opened on the SCVMM server. Also, the Hyper-V machine's VM data storage needs to provide the AD user read access. For additional security, customers may configure WinRM to allow only encrypted traffic over SSL using self-signed certificate and limit access to Connector IP/hostname alone. 

 

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Ques. 10): How does AWS Server Migration Service's multi-server support function?

Answer:

A replicated application can be launched from a landing zone that you designate, as well as from a group of on-premises servers that can include one or more subgroups. You can also set a replication frequency, offer configuration scripts, and group on-premises servers into an application. After all of the AMIs are available, the Server Migration Service will organise the migration of all the underlying servers that make up the application groups before creating a CloudFormation Template that can be started in the landing zone. Server Migration Service will setup the application in accordance with your selected configuration scripts after you start it using the automatically generated CloudFormation Template.

 

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Ques. 11): After I launch my application in the AWS cloud, how do I reconfigure it?

Answer:

For each server, you can specify a unique configuration script when defining an application. The service will execute the configuration script on your behalf when the server has been launched and transferred to the AWS cloud. For instance, instead of logging into each instance and manually updating it, you can use a configuration script to update database connection strings on your application servers.


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Ques. 12): The Amazon Server Migration Service Connector: What is it?

Answer:

It is a pre-configured FreeBSD virtual computer called the connector appliance (in OVA format). You must first install the Amazon Server Migration Service Connector virtual appliance on your on-premises VMware vCenter system before configuring AWS Server Migration Service.

 

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Ques. 13): Who can benefit from AWS Server Migration Service for Hyper-V?

Answer:

Hyper-V support in SMS is advantageous for any customer looking to move their Microsoft Hyper-V virtual machines managed by SCVMM or standalone Hyper-Vs to AWS. These may include business clients, System integrators, and IT consulting companies who assist business clients in moving their Hyper-V workloads to AWS.

 

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Ques. 14): AWS Server Migration Service is already something I use. How does having this talent help me?

Answer:

With multi-server migration, you can migrate all of your servers at once rather than having to create specialised tooling to manage the migrations of the many servers that make up your application. You may use a CloudFormation Template to launch all of the servers automatically, and you can keep it continuously updated with the most recent AMIs created for each replication run. Without requiring any new setup, you can begin using the multi-server migration.

 

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Ques. 15): Which operating systems are supported by AWS Server Migration Service?

Answer:

Windows Server 2003, 2008, 2012, and 2016 as well as Windows 7, 8, and 10 can be migrated using the AWS Server Migration Service. Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), SUSE/SLES, CentOS, Ubuntu, Oracle Linux, Fedora, and Debian Linux are all supported.

 

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Ques. 16): What elements does the AWS Server Migration Service for moving Hyper-V virtual machines have?

Answer:

The SMS Connector, an on-premises appliance for SMS, communicates with the AWS service. The SMS service produces the AMI gradually from the transmitted volume after receiving volumes of active Hyper-V VMs from the Connector.

 

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Ques. 17): Can I use Amazon Server Migration Service to transfer the applications listed in AWS Application Discovery Service?

Answer:

Unfortunately, Server Migration Service does not support the application groupings created using AWS Application Discovery Service. For multi-server migration, support is being introduced for apps found or defined in the Application Discovery Service to be made immediately available in the Server Migration Service.

 

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Ques. 18): Which operating systems are supported by AWS Server Migration Service?

Answer:

Windows Server 2003, 2008, 2012, and 2016 as well as Windows 7, 8, and 10 can be migrated using the AWS Server Migration Service. Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), SUSE/SLES, CentOS, Ubuntu, Oracle Linux, Fedora, and Debian Linux are all supported.

 

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Ques. 19): What vCenter permissions are needed by the AWS Server Migration Service Connector?

Answer:

The ability to create and delete snapshots on VMs that need to be moved to Amazon is a bare minimum need for the AWS Server Migration Service Connector.

 

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Ques. 20): Both VMware and Hyper-V setups are ones I manage. Can I simultaneously move VMware and Hyper-V virtual machines?

Answer:

Sure, but to simultaneously migrate VMs from both VMware and Hyper-V environments, you will require two distinct SMS Connectors.


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November 16, 2022

Top 20 AWS ECR Interview Questions and Answers

 

 

Developers can easily exchange and deploy container images and artefacts with Amazon ECR, a fully managed container registry. Your development to production process will be made simpler by Amazon ECR's integration with Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS), Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS), and AWS Lambda. Operating your own container repository and worrying about growing the underlying infrastructure are not necessary with Amazon ECR. You may deploy containers for your apps with confidence with Amazon ECR since it hosts your images in a highly available and scalable architecture. You may share photographs with everyone in the world or with other members of your business thanks to integration with AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM).

 

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Ques. 1): A worldwide service, is Amazon ECR?

Answer:

A regional service called Amazon ECR is meant to allow you freedom over how pictures are delivered. For optimal speed, you can upload and download images to the same AWS Region as your Docker cluster. Additionally, you may access Amazon ECR from any location where Docker is installed, including desktops and on-premises settings. Images pulled from other Regions or the internet will incur more delay and data transfer fees.

 

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Ques. 2): How can I organise my repositories and photos the best manner possible?

Answer:

In order to create, monitor, and remove repositories as well as modify repository permissions, Amazon ECR offers a command line interface and APIs. The same operations may be carried out in the Amazon ECR console by going to the "Repositories" section of the panel. You can publish, pull, and tag images via the Docker CLI using Amazon ECR, which is integrated with Docker.


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Ques. 3): Why need I to utilise Amazon ECR?

Answer:

The infrastructure needed to run and grow your container registry is no longer necessary thanks to Amazon ECR. You may deploy new containers for your applications with confidence by using Amazon ECR, which leverages Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) for storage to make your container images highly available and accessible. Your container images are sent over HTTPS and automatically encrypted while they are at rest by Amazon ECR. Each repository's permissions may be managed by policies that limit access to IAM users, roles, or other AWS accounts. You may streamline your development and production operations by integrating Amazon ECR with Amazon ECS, Amazon EKS, AWS Fargate, AWS Lambda, and the Docker CLI. You can easily push your container images to Amazon ECR using the Docker CLI from your development machine, and Amazon container orchestrators or compute can pull them directly for production deployments.


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Ques. 4): Does AWS Elastic Beanstalk work with Amazon ECR?

Answer:

Yes. You may quickly deploy container images stored in Amazon ECR using AWS Elastic Beanstalk since it supports Amazon ECR for both single-container and multi-container Docker environments. You just need to apply the AmazonEC2ContainerRegistryReadOnly policy to your container instance role and provide the Amazon ECR repository in your Dockerrun.aws.json configuration.


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Ques. 5): How can Amazon ECR contribute to the safety of container images?

Answer:

When transferring your container images over HTTPS, Amazon ECR automatically encrypts the images at rest using either AWS KMS or Amazon S3 server-side encryption. Instead of managing credentials directly on your EC2 instances, you may set rules using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) users and roles to manage permissions and regulate access to your pictures.


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Ques. 6): Does Amazon ECR support any particular version of the Docker Image Manifest specification?

Answer:

The Docker Image Manifest V2, Schema 2 format is supported by Amazon ECR. Amazon ECR will continue to accept photos uploaded in the Schema 1 format to guarantee backwards compatibility with Schema 1 images. Additionally, when pulling with an older version of Docker Engine, Amazon ECR may down-translate from a Schema 2 to a Schema 1 image (1.9 and below).


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Ques. 7): Do Amazon ECR and Amazon ECS integrate well?

Answer:

Yes. Because Amazon ECR and Amazon ECS are connected, it's simple to store, execute, and manage container images for applications that use Amazon ECS. Amazon ECS will obtain the relevant images for your apps if you just provide the Amazon ECR repository in your task specification.


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Ques. 8): How do I pull a public image from Amazon ECR?

Answer:

You pull using the familiar ‘docker pull’ command with the URL of the image. You can easily search for this URL by finding images using a publisher alias, image name, or image description using the Amazon ECR public gallery. Image URLs are in the format public.ecr.aws/<alias>/<image>:<tag>, for example public.ecr.aws/eks/aws-alb-ingress-controller:v1.1.5


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Ques. 9): Does Amazon ECR check the security of container images?

Answer:

Your container images may be automatically scanned by Amazon ECR for a variety of operating system flaws. Additionally, you may scan photos by issuing an API call. When a scan is finished, Amazon ECR will alert you through API and on the console. You may activate Amazon Inspector for improved picture scanning.


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Ques. 10): Can public container images be hosted by Amazon ECR?

Answer:

Yes. You may publish or look for public container software with ease using the widely accessible container registry and website provided by Amazon ECR. Anyone with or without an AWS account may search and download frequently used container images, such as operating systems, AWS published images, and files, such as Helm charts for Kubernetes, from the Amazon ECR public gallery.


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Ques. 11): Can I create my own alias for my publicly visible images?

Answer:

Yes. Unless it's a reserved alias, you can request a bespoke alias such as your company or project name. Reserved names apply to AWS services. It's also possible to reserve names that identify AWS Marketplace vendors. Unless your request for a custom alias breaches the AWS Acceptable Use Policy or other AWS standards, we will examine and accept it within a few days.


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Ques. 12): What is AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) and how can I use it for permissions?

Answer:

You can regulate and track who and what (such as EC2 instances) may access your container images, as well as how, when, and where they can do so, using IAM resource-based controls. To begin, define resource-based policies for your repositories using the AWS Management Console. The Amazon ECR CLI also allows you to utilise example rules and add them to your repositories.


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Ques. 13): The Open Container Initiative (OCI) format is supported by Amazon ECR?

Answer:

Yes. The Open Container Initiative (OCI) image specification is compatible with Amazon ECR, enabling you to push and pull OCI images and artefacts. On pull, OCI images, Schema 2 images, and Docker Image Manifest V2 images may all be translated via Amazon ECR.


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Ques. 14): What distinguishes public and private Amazon ECR repositories?

Answer:

Images cannot be fetched from a private repository because it lacks content search functionality and requires Amazon IAM-based verification using an AWS account. Anyone anywhere may extract photos from a public repository that provides descriptive information without the requirement for an AWS account or IAM credentials. The Amazon ECR public gallery also has photographs from the public repository.

 

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Ques. 15): How can I use Amazon ECR to publicly post an image?

Answer:

By logging into your AWS account and pushing to a public repository you establish, you may publish a picture to the Amazon ECR public gallery. All public photographs that you publish are given a special alias that you must use in image URLs.

 

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Ques. 16): Which compliance features are available on Amazon ECR?

Answer:

To give a history of all API operations, including who grabbed an image and when tags were transferred across pictures, you may use AWS CloudTrail on Amazon ECR. The EC2 instances that retrieved which photos are also visible to administrators.

 

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Ques. 17): Does federated access work with Amazon ECR?

Answer:

Yes. AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), which allows identity federation for delegated access to the AWS Management Console or AWS APIs, is connected with Amazon ECR.

 

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Ques. 18): Can I use a VPC to access Amazon ECR?

Answer:

Yes. Instances may access pictures from your private repository without using the public internet by using AWS PrivateLink endpoints.

 

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Ques. 19): Do Amazon ECR images duplicate between AWS Regions?

Answer:

Yes. With Amazon ECR, you have freedom in where and how you store and distribute your photos. You may establish deployment pipelines that develop images and upload them to Amazon ECR in one Region. Amazon ECR will then duplicate those images automatically to other Regions and set up deployment to multi-Region clusters.

 

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Ques. 20): Will Amazon ECR generate images from a Dockerfile automatically?

Answer:

No. To give this capacity, Amazon ECR, however, connects with a variety of well-liked CI/CD programmes.

 

 

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