Top 20 AWS Auto Scaling Interview Questions and Answers

While your applications are monitored by AWS Auto Scaling, capacity is automatically adjusted to provide constant, predictable performance at the lowest feasible cost. It's simple to build up application scaling for numerous resources across many services in a matter of minutes using Amazon Auto Scaling. You may create scaling plans for resources like Amazon EC2 instances and Spot Fleets, Amazon ECS tasks, Amazon DynamoDB tables and indexes, and Amazon Aurora Replicas using the service's straightforward but effective user interface. With recommendations that let you balance performance, prices, or both, Amazon Auto Scaling simplifies scaling. You may now combine Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling and AWS Auto Scaling to scale extra resources for other AWS services if you already use Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling to dynamically scale your Amazon EC2 instances. With AWS Auto Scaling, your applications always have the right resources at the right time.

Ques. 1): What advantages does AWS Auto Scaling offer?

Answer:

The performance and expenses of your apps may be optimised quickly and easily using AWS Auto Scaling.

Scaling can be set up rapidly thanks to Amazon Auto Scaling, which offers a consistent scaling experience across all the scalable resources that support your application. With a single, user-friendly interface, you can rapidly specify target utilisation levels for each group of similar resources and view the average utilisation for all of your scalable resources.

Make informed scaling choices by automating the way groups of various resources react to changes in demand with AWS Auto Scaling. You can choose to optimise availability, costs, or a balance of the two using simple scaling strategies. According to your preferences, Amazon Auto Scaling automatically generates all scaling policies and establishes objectives for you.

Automatically maintain performance: Amazon Auto Scaling continuously checks that the resources supporting your application are performing at the levels you've set. In order to maintain a high level of service when demand spikes, Amazon Auto Scaling automatically raises the capacity of limited resources.

AWS Auto Scaling can assist you in maximising your utilisation and cost efficiencies while utilising AWS services so that you only pay for the resources you actually require. In order to save you money, Amazon Auto Scaling will automatically eliminate any extra resource capacity when demand declines.

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Ques. 2): How can I scale AWS resources in multiple ways?

Answer:

Customers of AWS have a variety of choices for resource scaling. You can make sure that you have the appropriate number of Amazon EC2 instances available to handle the load for your application by using Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling. Moreover, EC2 Auto Scaling has the ability to recognise when an instance is unhealthy, terminate it, and start a new instance in its place. Your applications benefit from improved fault tolerance, availability, and cost control when you use EC2 Auto Scaling.

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Ques. 3): When compared to auto scaling for individual services, when should I use Amazon auto scaling?

Answer:

To manage scaling for numerous resources across multiple services, you should use Amazon Auto Scaling. Unified scaling for numerous resources is possible with Amazon Auto Scaling, and provided instructions assist make configuring scaling simpler and quicker. To scale certain AWS services, you can also utilise the individual service consoles, the Auto Scaling API, or the Application Auto Scaling API. If you wish to build up step scaling rules or scheduled scaling, you should also use the separate consoles or API, as Amazon Auto Scaling only generates target tracking scaling policies.

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Ques. 4): How can I combine target tracking with predictive scaling?

Answer:

Target tracking and predictive scaling together increase the responsiveness of your EC2 capacity changes to incoming application traffic. Target tracking modifies the real capacity based on the current traffic, whereas predictive scaling sets the minimum capacity for your application based on anticipated traffic. Target tracking attempts to monitor the desired capacity utilisation levels under a variety of traffic scenarios and takes into account unforeseen traffic spikes and other changes. A user configures predictive scaling and target tracking jointly to produce a scaling plan.

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Ques. 5): With AWS Auto Scaling, what can I scale?

Answer:

Via a single, unified interface, you can utilise AWS Auto Scaling to configure scaling for the following resources in your application:

groups for Amazon EC2 auto scaling:

Services offered by Amazon Elastic Container Service (currently ECS services cannot be discovered using resource tags)

EC2 Spot Fleets from Amazon:

replicas for Amazon Aurora with a capacity for Amazon DynamoDB throughput

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Ques. 6): What is the price of AWS Auto Scaling?

Answer:

AWS Auto Scaling is free to utilise, just like Auto Scaling on specific AWS resources. Amazon CloudWatch enables AWS Auto Scaling, so service fees for CloudWatch and your application resources apply (such as Amazon EC2 instances, Elastic Load Balancing load balancers, etc.).

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Ques. 7): How does AWS Auto Scaling recommend scalability?

Answer:

The most prominent scaling metrics and thresholds utilised for Auto Scaling serve as the foundation for AWS Auto Scaling's scaling recommendations. By offering recommendations for the minimum and maximum sizes of the resources, it also suggests secure scaling guardrails. By doing this, you can start out rapidly and gradually fine-tune your scaling plan.

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Ques. 8): What is a scaling plan?

Answer:

A scaling plan is a set of instructions for scaling various Amazon resources. You set up a scaling strategy by first choosing every EC2 resource that supports your application in AWS Auto Scaling. Then you choose the resource utilisation measure you want to monitor, like CPU utilisation, and set the value to monitor, like 50%. Finally, if you haven't done, you may need to set up the CloudWatch statistic that represents your input traffic flow.

The primary inputs for the scaling strategy are the metrics for resource utilisation and incoming traffic. Predictive Scaling creates traffic projections using the incoming traffic metric.Based on these forecasts; Predictive Scaling then schedules future scaling actions to configure minimum capacity. Dynamic Scaling uses the resource utilization metric and its target value to dynamically change the EC2 capacity for your application over time as traffic varies.

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Ques. 9): How can I begin using Amazon Auto Scaling?

Answer:

You can choose your applications using Amazon Auto Scaling based on resource tags or AWS CloudFormation stacks. You may quickly and easily construct a scaling strategy for your application that specifies how each of its resources should be scaled. According to the scaling method you've chosen, Amazon Auto Scaling builds a target tracking scaling policy for each resource using the most common measure for that type of resource. You can select from three predefined scaling recommendations that optimise availability, optimise costs, or balance the two in order to set target values for your resource metrics. You can also specify your own goal values if you'd like. AWS Auto Scaling also automatically sets the min/max values for the resources.

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Ques. 10): When ought I to employ AWS Auto Scaling?

Answer:

If your application employs one or more scalable resources and has fluctuating load, you should use Amazon Auto Scaling. A web application for online shopping that experiences fluctuating traffic throughout the day would be a suitable example. Elastic Load Balancing is used to distribute incoming traffic, Amazon EC2 handles the compute layer, and DynamoDB handles the data layer in accordance with conventional three-tier architecture. In this scenario, EC2 Auto Scaling groups and DynamoDB tables that are supporting the application will be scaled by AWS Auto Scaling in response to the demand curve.

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Ques. 11): What is Predictive Scaling?

Answer:

Amazon Auto Scaling's Predictive Scaling feature analyses past traffic patterns and projects them into the future to plan future adjustments to the number of EC2 instances at the proper periods. Machine learning models are used in predictive scaling to predict daily and weekly patterns.

Predictive scaling combined with auto scaling results in capacity provisioning that is quicker, easier, and more precise, which makes applications more responsive and less expensive. Predictive Scaling makes Auto Scaling faster and more precise by provisioning EC2 instances in ahead of changing traffic.

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Ques. 12): AWS Auto Scaling versus Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling: When Should I Use Each?

Answer:

To manage scaling for numerous resources across multiple services, you should use Amazon Auto Scaling. Using specified scaling methods, AWS Auto Scaling enables you to define dynamic scaling policies for numerous EC2 Auto Scaling groups or other resources. It takes less time to manage scaling policies for all of the scalable resources in your application using AWS Auto Scaling than it does using individual service consoles for each resource. Additionally, it is simpler because AWS Auto Scaling comes with predefined scaling strategies that make it simpler to set up scaling policies. If you wish to generate predictive scaling for EC2 resources, you need also use Amazon Auto Scaling.

If you simply need to scale Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups or if you only care about keeping the health of your EC2 fleet, you should use EC2 Auto Scaling. If you need to set up scheduled or step scaling policies, or if you need to create or configure Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups, you should also use EC2 Auto Scaling (as AWS Auto Scaling supports only target tracking scaling policies).

The EC2 console, the Auto Scaling API, or CloudFormation can all be used to establish and configure EC2 Auto Scaling groups outside of Amazon Auto Scaling. You can configure dynamic scaling policies for your current EC2 Auto Scaling groups with the aid of Amazon Auto Scaling.

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Ques. 13): Can Predictive Scaling be set up to provision instances before a traffic increase actually occurs?

Answer:

Yes, you can opportunistically set a buffer time to supply instances ahead of an expected change in traffic. Applications whose EC2 instances require some "warm-up" time before they are prepared to serve application traffic can benefit from this.

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Ques. 14): What resources are scalable according to AWS Auto Scaling?

Answer:

In order to find the supported Amazon resource types that can be scaled, AWS Auto Scaling will examine your chosen AWS CloudFormation stack or resources with the provided tags. Please be aware that tags cannot presently be used to find ECS services.

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Ques. 15): What resources are scalable according to AWS Auto Scaling?

Answer:

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Ques. 16): How do I choose a stack of applications in AWS Auto Scaling?

Answer:

Choose resources based on a shared resource tag or an AWS CloudFormation stack (s). Please be aware that tags cannot presently be used to find ECS services.

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Ques. 17): What volume of historical data is required by Predictive Scaling to produce the scaling plan?

Answer:

Although it can create a prediction scaling schedule with as little as a day's worth of data, predictive scaling requires up to two weeks of historical data.

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Ques. 18): Predictive Scaling predicts traffic for how far into the future?

Answer:

Predictive Scaling predicts traffic 48 hours in advance and plans capacity changes for those 48 hours once every 24 hours.

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Top 20 AWS EC2 Auto Scaling Interview Questions and Answers

To assist you make sure you have the appropriate number of Amazon EC2 instances available to handle the load for your application, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling is a fully managed solution designed to deploy or terminate Amazon EC2 instances automatically. Through fleet management for EC2 instances, which recognises and replaces unhealthy instances, and by automatically scaling your Amazon EC2 capacity up or down in accordance with conditions you establish, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling aids you in maintaining application availability. To preserve performance and lower costs, you may utilise Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling to automatically increase the number of Amazon EC2 instances during surges in demand.

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Ques. 1): What is target tracking?

Answer:

You may quickly configure dynamic scaling for your application using target tracking, a new kind of scaling strategy. Goal tracking allows you to choose a load measure for your application, such as request count or CPU usage, define a target value, and Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling will change the number of EC2 instances in your ASG as necessary to meet that target. It works like a thermostat for your house, automatically altering the system to maintain the appropriate temperature. For instance, you may set goal tracking so that 50% of your fleet of web servers' CPUs are always in use. Then, to maintain an average CPU usage of 50%, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling starts or terminates EC2 instances as necessary.

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Ques. 2): How does capacity balance work in Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling?

Answer:

A best practise for well-architected applications is to balance resources across Availability Zones, since this considerably improves aggregate system availability. When you specify several zones in your EC2 Auto Scaling group settings, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling automatically distributes EC2 instances across the configured zones. New instances are always started by Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling so that the fleet as a whole is balanced between zones as evenly as feasible. Additionally, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling only starts up in Availability Zones with capacity for the requested instance type.

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Ques. 3): What is meant by the phrase "stateful instances"?

Answer:

A stateful instance is one that contains data on it that is unique to that instance when the term is used. A stateful instance's data (or state information) is often lost when the instance is terminated. You might want to think about enabling instance protection to stop Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling from terminating a stateful instance or utilising lifecycle hooks to transfer the data off of it before it is terminated.

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Ques. 4): When should I choose AWS Auto Scaling over Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling?

Answer:

To handle scaling for numerous resources across different services, you should utilise AWS Auto Scaling. Using specified scaling methods, AWS Auto Scaling enables you to define dynamic scaling policies for several EC2 Auto Scaling groups or other resources. It takes less time to manage scaling policies for all of the scalable resources in your application using AWS Auto Scaling than it does using individual service consoles for each resource. Additionally, it is simpler since AWS Auto Scaling comes with predefined scaling methods that make it simpler to set up scaling policies.

If you simply need to scale Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups or if you only care about keeping the health of your EC2 fleet, you should utilise EC2 Auto Scaling. If you need to set up scheduled or step scaling policies, or if you need to build or configure Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups, you should also utilise EC2 Auto Scaling (as AWS Auto Scaling supports only target tracking scaling policies).

The EC2 interface, the Auto Scaling API, or CloudFormation may all be used to establish and configure EC2 Auto Scaling groups outside of AWS Auto Scaling. You may define dynamic scaling policies for your current EC2 Auto Scaling groups with the aid of AWS Auto Scaling.

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Ques. 5): A launch configuration is what?

Answer:

An EC2 Auto Scaling group will utilise a launch configuration as a template for launching EC2 instances. A key pair, one or more security groups, a block device mapping, the ID of the Amazon Machine Image (AMI), the instance type, and other details are all specified when creating a launch configuration for an instance. You provided the identical details to launch the instance if you've launched an EC2 instance before. An EC2 Auto Scaling group's launch settings must be specified when the group is created. You can use several EC2 Auto Scaling groups to describe your launch settings. One launch configuration may only be specified for one EC2 Auto Scaling group at a time, and once a launch configuration has been defined, it cannot be changed. Therefore, you must first construct a launch configuration before updating your EC2 Auto Scaling group with the new launch setting if you wish to alter the launch configuration for your EC2 Auto Scaling group. New instances are launched using the new configuration settings when the launch configuration for your EC2 Auto Scaling group is changed, but existing instances are unaffected.

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Ques. 6): Is there a method to create a volume just using Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling without installing an instance?

Answer:

Each time a new instance is introduced, a volume is associated with it. When a volume is nearly full, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling doesn't instantly add another. A volume can be added to an existing instance using the EC2 API.

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Ques. 7): What distinguishes Predictive Scaling Policy from AWS Auto Scaling Plan's Predictive Scaling?

Answer:

In EC2 Auto Scaling, Predictive Scaling Policy introduces the same prediction mechanism that is available through AWS Auto Scaling plan as a native scaling policy. As with other scaling policies like Simple Scaling or Target Tracking, you may utilise predictive scaling directly using the AWS Command Line Interface (CLI), EC2 Auto Scaling Management Console, and AWS SDKs. Predictive scaling does not need the creation of an AWS Auto Scaling plan.

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Ques. 8): An EC2 Auto Scaling group (ASG) is what, exactly?

Answer:

For the purposes of fleet management and dynamic scaling, an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group (ASG) is a collection of EC2 instances that have similar features and are considered as a logical grouping. If a single application runs on many instances, for instance, you could wish to raise the number of instances in that group to improve the performance of the application or decrease the number of instances to save expenses during periods of low demand. Even if an instance falls unwell or depending on criteria you provide, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling will automatically alter the number of instances in the group to keep a fixed number of instances.

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Ques. 9): How do lifecycle hooks work?

Answer:

With the use of lifecycle hooks, you may intervene before an instance starts running or before it is destroyed. If you are not building your software environment into an Amazon Machine Image, this can be extremely helpful (AMI). For instance, launch hooks can configure an instance's software to make sure it is ready to handle traffic before Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling connects it to your load balancer. Connecting the launch hook to an AWS Lambda function that calls RunCommand on the instance is one method to do this. Terminate hooks may be helpful for gathering crucial information from an instance before it disappears. For example, you could use a terminate hook to preserve your fleet’s log files by copying them to an Amazon S3 bucket when instances go out of service.

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Ques. 10): How can I manage who has access to the resources in Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling?

Answer:

You may perform the following things thanks to the integration between Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling and AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), a service:

Create users and groups under the AWS account for your company.
Provide each user with their own security credentials under your AWS account.
Manage the rights each user has to access AWS resources for tasks.
Share your AWS resources with users of other AWS accounts.
Define the users or services that can take responsibilities in your AWS account.
Use your company's current IDs to provide rights to carry out actions utilising AWS resources.
Create an IAM policy, for instance, allowing the Managers group to utilise only the DescribeAutoScalingGroups.

For example, you could create an IAM policy that grants the Managers group permission to use only the DescribeAutoScalingGroups, DescribeLaunchConfigurations, DescribeScalingActivities, and DescribePolicies API operations. Users in the Managers group could then use those operations with any Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups and launch configurations. With Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling resource-level permissions, you can restrict access to a particular EC2 Auto Scaling group or launch configuration.

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Ques. 11): What if an Availability Zone does not offer the instance types I prefer?

Answer:

The launches will be retargeted to other Availability Zones included in the Auto Scaling group if none of the specified instance types are available in one. If all instance types are not accessible in an Availability Zone, Auto Scaling will retarget and always prefer to maintain your computing distributed across Availability Zones.

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Ques. 12): What distinguishes fleet management from dynamic scaling?

Answer:

You have a "fleet" if your application uses Amazon EC2 instances, as the term implies. The capability that automatically replaces unhealthy instances and keeps your fleet operating at the desired capacity is referred to as fleet management. The fleet management of Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling makes sure that both the instances themselves are operating properly and that your application can handle traffic. When Auto Scaling notices a failed health check, it can automatically switch out the instance.

The capability of Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling that automatically raises or reduces capacity based on demand or other variables is referred to as its dynamic scaling capabilities. For example, if your CPU spikes above 80% (and you have an alarm setup) Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling can add a new instance dynamically.

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Ques. 13): What constitutes an instance that is "unhealthy"?

Answer:

An unhealthy instance is one that fails a user-configured ELB health check or where the hardware has degraded for whatever reason (bad disc, etc.). Each individual EC2 instance is periodically given a health check by Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling. If the instance is linked to an Elastic Load Balancing load balancer, it may additionally execute ELB health checks.

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Ques. 14): How may a damaged instance be replaced by Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling?

Answer:

Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling immediately kills an unhealthy instance and substitutes a new one when it fails a health check. Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling gently detaches the compromised instance from the load balancer if you're using one before generating a new one and connects it to the load balancer. When an instance has to be replaced, nothing needs to be done manually because everything is handled automatically.

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Ques. 15): Is it possible to scale instances across several purchasing choices with a single ASG?

Answer:

Yes. In a single Auto Scaling Group, you can provide and automatically scale EC2 capacity across several EC2 instance types, Availability Zones, and On-Demand, RIs, and Spot purchasing options. You may choose which instance types are best for your application, set the appropriate split between On-Demand and Spot capacity, and indicate your preferences for how EC2 Auto Scaling should allocate the ASG capacity within each purchase model.

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Ques. 16): Can I scale out my ASG on Spot instances after establishing a basic capacity using On-Demand instances and RIs?

Answer:

Yes. You may set the group's basic capacity to be met by On-Demand instances when creating an ASG to mix buying models. EC2 Auto Scaling makes ensuring that the basic capacity is filled with On-Demand instances when the ASG scales in or out, and that anything beyond that is filled with either entirely Spot instances or a specific % mix of On-Demand or Spot instances.

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Ques. 17): How long does it take Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling to launch a new instance in the inService state after identifying a malfunctioning server?

Answer:

Within minutes, everything is ready. The bulk of replacements take place in within five minutes, and on average it takes considerably less time. It depends on a number of variables, including how long it takes for your instance's AMI to boot up.

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Ques. 18): Can I alter an ASG's setup to reflect new characteristics for merging buying models and defining multiple instance types?

Answer:

Yes. Customers can update an existing ASG to change one or all parameters related to combining purchasing models and specifying multiple instance types, including instance types, priority order for On-Demand instances, percentage split between On-Demand and Spot instances, and allocation strategy. This is similar to how other ASG parameters can be changed.

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Ques. 19): What advantages does utilising Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling offer?

Answer:

Your Amazon EC2 instance availability is maintained with the aid of Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling. Using Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling, you can automatically replace any Amazon EC2 instances that become faulty, whether you are operating one or hundreds of them. This makes sure that your application has the expected amount of computing power. To reduce the need to manually provision Amazon EC2 capacity in advance, you may utilise Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling to automatically expand your Amazon EC2 fleet by following the demand curve for your applications. For instance, when the average usage of your Amazon EC2 fleet is high, you may establish a condition to add new instances in increments to the ASG. Likewise, when CPU utilisation is low, you can set a condition to remove instances in increments. Additionally, you may utilise Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) to distribute traffic to your instances inside the ASG and Amazon CloudWatch to transmit alarms that will start scaling actions. Predictive Scaling strategy may be used to proactively expand capacity in advance of impending demand if you have predicted load variations. You can run your Amazon EC2 fleet at maximum utilisation thanks to Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling.

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Ques. 20): How would users be routed to the other servers in a group in the event of a breakdown without elastic load balancing (ELB)?

Answer:

You can connect to Route53 (which Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling does not currently support out of the box, but many customers use). You may also use your own reverse proxy or service discovery tools for internal microservices.

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