Top Technical Interviews Questions and Answers for AWS Cloud, Java, Oracle: AWS DMS

AWS DMS supports data migration between more than 20 different database and analytics engines, including migrations from and to Oracle to Amazon Redshift, MySQL to Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), Microsoft SQL Server to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL, MongoDB to Amazon DocumentDB, and AWS Simple Storage Service (S3).

AWS DMS supports both homogenous migrations, such as Oracle to Oracle, and heterogeneous migrations between multiple database engines, such as Microsoft SQL Server to Amazon Aurora, and helps databases move to AWS rapidly, securely, and with the least amount of downtime possible.

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Ques. 1): What is AWS Database Migration Service, and how do I use it?

Answer:

With Amazon Database Migration Service, getting started is quick and easy. It takes less than ten minutes to set up the majority of data replication activities. Enter the Start Migration wizard by going to the Amazon Database Migration Service section of the AWS Management Console. Choose an existing replication instance or start a new one, choose your source and target endpoints, accept the built-in schema mapping rules, or define your own modifications. As soon as you finish the wizard, data replication will begin.

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Ques. 2): Does the Amazon Database Migration Service support any specific sources or targets?

Answer:

Many homogeneous and heterogeneous data replications are supported by AWS Database Migration Service (DMS).

Both the source and the target databases (or just one of them) must be located on EC2 or RDS. On-premises to on-premises database replication is not supported.

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Ques. 3): Do these steps differ while replicating data continuously?

Answer:

The production environment switchover, which does not occur in continuous data replication, is the only distinction. Until you modify it or stop it, your data replication task will continue to function.

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Ques. 4): Can I replicate data from sources that are encrypted?

Answer:

Amazon Database Migration Service can read from and write to encrypted databases, hence the answer is yes. Your database endpoints are connected to by AWS Database Migration Service via the SQL interface layer. AWS Database Migration Service may retrieve encrypted data from these sources and copy it to the target if you use the Transparent Data Encryption features of Oracle or SQL Server. Storage-level encryption is the same. Amazon Database Migration Service will be able to connect to the database source and propagate data (in unencrypted form) to the target as long as it has the proper login credentials. To keep your information confidential, we advise employing encryption-at-rest on the target. If you use application-level encryption, the data will be transmitted through AWS Database Migration Service as is, in encrypted format, and then inserted into the target database.

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Ques. 5): When should I choose Amazon Application Discovery Service and Migration Evaluator over AWS DMS Fleet Advisor?

Answer:

Those wishing to move a sizable number of database and analytics servers to Amazon should use AWS DMS Fleet Advisor. Use Amazon DMS Fleet Advisor to find and assess your online transaction processing (OLTP) and online analytical processing (OLAP) database workloads so that you can move them to target services in AWS when you're ready. By figuring out how difficult it will be to migrate your source databases to the target services on AWS, Fleet Advisor enables you to create a tailored migration plan.

Broad-based computing and associated block storage discovery is the focus of the Amazon Application Discovery Service (ADS) and Migration Evaluator. Customers beginning their migration process who are searching for a data-driven business case for AWS use the Migration Evaluator. ADS is used to feed the Amazon Migration Hub to view server to server dependencies, establish application groups, and track migration progress.

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Ques. 6): Will the AWS Database Migration Service assist me in converting my Oracle PL/SQL and SQL Server T-SQL code to stored procedures in Amazon Aurora, MySQL, or PostgreSQL?

Answer:

Yes, the free AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT), which automates the conversion of Oracle PL/SQL and SQL Server T-SQL code to equivalent code in the Amazon Aurora / MySQL dialect of SQL or the equivalent PL/pgSQL language in PostgreSQL, is a component of the AWS Database Migration Service. When a piece of code can't be translated automatically into the intended language, SCT will make sure to note every place that needs the application developer to enter manual input.

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Ques. 7): Why should I choose the Amazon Database Migration Service over my own independently managed replication system?

Answer:

Using Amazon Database Migration Service couldn't be simpler. Unlike self-managed replication systems that need to be installed and configured, replication jobs can be set up in minutes as opposed to hours or days. AWS Database Migration Service keeps an eye out for replication jobs, network outages, and host failures and automatically sets up a new server in the event that a failure cannot be fixed. Customers of AWS Database Migration Service don't have to overprovision capacity and invest in expensive hardware and replication software, as they generally have to do with self-managed solutions. Users of the Amazon Database Migration Service can scale their replication infrastructure up or down depending on the load and benefit from on-demand pricing. Amazon Database Migration Service data replication interacts directly with the AWS Schema Conversion Tool, facilitating heterogeneous database migration tasks.

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Ques. 8): Can I keep track of a database migration task's progress?

Answer:

Yes. Many metrics for Amazon Database Migration Service are visible in the AWS Management Console. It gives an end-to-end view of the data replication process, including diagnostic and performance statistics for each stage in the replication pipeline. Other Amazon services like CloudTrail and CloudWatch Logs are integrated with the AWS Database Migration Service as well. Clients can combine their existing tools or create specialised monitoring tools to meet their unique needs by utilising the Amazon Database Migration Service API and AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI).

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Ques. 9): When should I use Amazon DMS Fleet Advisor in conjunction with AWS Application Discovery Service and Migration Evaluator?

Answer:

You can get an early understanding of the inventory portfolio of your whole on-premises data centre with the aid of Migration Evaluator and AWS Application Discovery Service. Use Amazon DMS Fleet Advisor to design a database migration plan to AWS when you're prepared to conduct a more thorough study of your database and analytics workloads to identify the migration routes in AWS.

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Ques. 10): Can I use AWS Database Migration Service for ongoing data replication in addition to one-time data migration?

Answer:

Yes, you may utilise the AWS Database Migration Service for ongoing data replication as well as one-time data migration into RDS and EC2-based databases. Changes made to the source database will be captured by the AWS Database Migration Service and applied to the destination database in a transactionally consistent manner. Continuous replication is possible from your data centre to the AWS databases as well as in the opposite direction, replicating from a database in AWS to a database in your datacenter. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous databases may perform continuous ongoing replication. Using Multi-AZ for high availability would be better for continuous replication.

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Ques. 11): Can you give me a summary of the Amazon Database Migration Service's database migration procedures?

Answer:

Creating a target database, migrating the database schema, setting up the data replication process, starting the full load and a subsequent change data capture and apply, and concluding with a switchover of your production environment to the new database once the target database has caught up with the source database are all steps in a typical simple database migration.

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Ques. 12): Will the database schema be moved for me using Amazon Database Migration Service?

Answer:

You can rely on the Basic Schema Copy capability of AWS Database Migration Service to easily migrate a database schema to your target instance. If the target instance does not already have tables with the identical names, Basic Schema Copy will automatically generate tables and primary keys. When performing a test migration or a heterogeneous database migration, Basic Schema Copy is excellent (e.g., Oracle to MySQL or SQL Server to Oracle). Foreign keys, stored procedures, and secondary indexes cannot be migrated using Basic Schema Copy. You can use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool for both homogeneous and heterogeneous migrations when you need a more customizable schema migration process (for example, when you are moving your production database and need to move your stored procedures and secondary database objects), or use the native schema export tools of the source engine if you are doing homogeneous migrations, such as (1) SQL Server Management Studio's Import and Export Wizard, (2) Oracle's SQL Developer.

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Ques. 13): How are AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) and AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) related?

Answer:

Together, DMS and SCT provide continuing replication for various purposes, including filling datamarts and synchronising systems, as well as database migration. Database schemas for homogeneous migrations can be copied and converted for heterogeneous migrations using SCT. The schemas may differ between data warehouses, such as Netezza and Amazon Redshift, or different databases, such as Oracle and PostgreSQL.

Depending on the amount of data and/or supported engines, either DMS or SCT are used to transport the data after a schema has been established on an empty target. While SCT is typically used to convert big data warehouse workloads, DMS is typically utilised to transfer smaller relational workloads (10 TB) and MongoDB. DMS supports ongoing replication to keep the target in sync with the source; SCT does not.

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Ques. 14): What additional applications can I combine with AWS Database Migration Service?

Answer:

AWS Database Migration Service offers a provisioning API that enables you to script the generation of replication tasks at predetermined periods throughout the day or to create them straight from your development environment. Developers and database administrators can automate replication task creation, restart, administration, and termination using the service API and CLI.

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Ques. 15): What sources and targets can be converted using the Amazon Schema Conversion Tool?

Answer:

These database and data warehouse conversions are supported by the Amazon Schema Conversion Tool (SCT), which is listed here. Be aware that SCT can be applied to:

Transfer a database schema from one place to another
a database or data warehouse schema conversion
Evaluate a database to ascertain the difficulty of the conversion
Examine a database to find out if there are any limitations to using Amazon RDS.
Determine whether a licence downgrade is achievable by analysing a database.
a program's embedded SQL code converted
Transfer data from a data warehouse to Amazon Redshift

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