November 13, 2022

Top 20 AWS X-Ray Interview Questions and Answers

 

 

Ques. 1): Describe AWS X-Ray.

Answer:

AWS X-Ray aids programmers in the analysis and debugging of distributed, in-use systems like those created with a microservices architecture. In order to pinpoint and resolve the underlying causes of performance problems and failures, you may utilise X-Ray to understand how your application and its supporting services are operating. X-Ray displays a map of the underlying components of your application and offers an end-to-end view of requests as they go through it. From straightforward three-tier apps to intricate microservices projects with thousands of services, you can use X-Ray to examine programmes both in development and in production.

 

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Ques. 2): How do traces work?

Answer:

A collection of data points with the same trace ID is referred to as an X-Ray trace. For instance, a client's request for your application receives a special trace ID. Through the use of this particular trace ID, the services in your application that handle the request communicate details about it back to X-Ray. A segment is the information that each service in your application sends to X-Ray, and a trace is a group of segments.

 

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Ques. 3): What AWS services are compatible with X-Ray?

Answer:

Applications running on EC2, ECS, Lambda, Amazon SQS, Amazon SNS, and Elastic Beanstalk are compatible with X-Ray. Additionally, when an API request is performed to an AWS service using the AWS SDK, the X-Ray SDK automatically records the information. The X-Ray SDK also offers add-ons for the PostgreSQL and MySQL drivers.

 

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Ques. 4): Can I use X-Ray to track requests coming from services or apps that are distributed across several regions?

Answer:

Yes, you may use X-Ray to follow requests as they move between apps or services in different regions. The processed region's local copy of the X-ray data is kept, but it contains enough details for client programmes to aggregate it and present a global picture of the traces. AWS services will automatically include region annotation; however, in order to enable cross-region functionality, clients must instrument bespoke services to add the regional annotation.


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Ques. 5): Why do I occasionally only see traces in part?

Answer:

The utmost effort is made by X-Ray to provide comprehensive trace information. However, it is likely that the trace information supplied by the X-Ray APIs will only be partial in some circumstances (connectivity problems, a delay in receiving segments, etc.). When this occurs, X-Ray labels the traces as partial or incomplete.


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Ques. 6): Why ought I to employ X-Ray? 

Answer:

To manage requests for your application as they move between different components that make up your application, you currently have to rely on a per-service or per-resource process if you create and execute distributed applications. The many log formats and storage media used by the frameworks, services, and resources that your application consumes or operates on add to the complexity of this issue. Due to this, it is challenging to connect the many bits of information and build a complete picture of a request from the point at which it originates at the end user or service to the point at which a response is delivered by your application. Instead of using a service- or resource-centric approach to track requests made to your application, X-Ray uses a user-centric model. This model enables you to create a user-centric picture of requests as they travel across services and resources. By correlating and aggregating data on your behalf, X-Ray enables you to focus on improving the experience for end-users of your application.


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Ques. 7): Describe a segment.

Answer:

Each data point for a single distributed application component, such the authorisation service, is included in an X-Ray segment. Segments are made up of one or more sub-segments that reflect the remote calls made from the service and contain system-defined and user-defined data in the form of annotations. As an instance, when your application responds to a request by calling a database, it produces a segment for that request and a sub-segment to represent the database call and its outcome. Data like the query, table utilised, date, and error status can be included in the sub-segment.

 

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Ques. 8): What is an annotation?

Answer:

System-defined or user-defined information connected to a segment is an X-Ray annotation. An annotation may appear more than once in a section. User-defined annotations are metadata that developers contribute to segments, and system-defined annotations are data that AWS services add to the segment. For calls to AWS services, for instance, a segment formed by your application can be automatically injected with region data; however, for connections to non-AWS services, you may opt to manually provide region data.


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Ques. 9): What are errors?

Answer:

System annotations known as X-Ray errors are attached to a segment for a call that receives an error response. The error contains the error message, stack trace, and any other details (such as the version or commit ID) that help link the error to a specific source file.


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Ques. 10): What can I use X-Ray for?

Answer:

Create a service map - By monitoring the requests made to your apps, X-Ray can map the services that are utilised by your application. This gives you a picture of the relationships between the services in your application and makes it possible for you to build a dependency tree, identify services that aren't performing as intended, discover delay or issues while working across AWS Availability Zones or Regions, and more.

Finding faults and problems in your application code is easy with X-Ray since it examines the response code for each request made to your application. This makes it simple to debug application code without having to manually replicate errors or bugs.

Build your own analysis and visualization apps – X-Ray provides a set of query APIs you can use to build your own analysis and visualizations apps that use the data that X-Ray records.


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Ques. 11): Does X-Ray provide an API?

Answer:

Yes, X-Ray offers a collection of APIs for ingesting request data, tracing queries, and service configuration. In addition to the X-Ray apps already available, you may create your own analysis and visualisation programmes using the X-Ray API.


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Ques. 12): What is sampling?

Answer:

When making requests to an application, X-Ray does not always gather data in order to deliver a performant and economical experience. Instead, it gathers information for a sizable enough sample of queries. Because X-Ray cannot ensure data completeness, it should not be utilised as an audit or compliance tool.

 

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Ques. 13): What modifications to my application's code must I make in order to use X-Ray?

Answer:

You must integrate the language-specific X-Ray libraries into your application code if you're utilising Elastic Beanstalk. You must install the X-Ray agent and instrument your application code for applications running on other AWS services, such as EC2 or ECS.

 

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Ques. 14): The X-Ray agent: What is it?

Answer:

Data from log files are gathered by the X-Ray agent and sent to the X-Ray service for aggregation, analysis, and storage. Instead of utilising the APIs directly, the agent simplifies the process of sending data to the X-Ray service and is compatible with Windows Server 2012 R2 or later, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), and Amazon Linux AMI.

 

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Ques. 15): Each part of my programme is running on its own AWS account. Can I get data from many AWS accounts using X-Ray?

Answer:

The X-Ray agent can, in fact, take a role to publish data into a different account from the one in which it is now active. This makes it possible for you to publish data from different application components into a main account.

 

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Ques. 16): What kinds of uses can I make of X-Ray technology?

Answer:

Any size distributed application may utilise X-Ray to track down and troubleshoot both synchronous requests and asynchronous events. For instance, X-Ray may be used to track asynchronous events that employ Amazon SQS queues or HTTP requests sent to a web application.

 

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Ques. 17): How long does it take X-Ray to make trace data available?

Answer:

Typically, the service receives trace data supplied to X-Ray and makes it accessible for retrieval and filtering within 30 seconds of receiving it.

 

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Ques. 18): Can I query the trace data back how far? How long are traces stored in X-Ray?

Answer:

For the previous 30 days, X-Ray has stored trace data. You may use this to query data dating back 30 days.

 

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Ques. 19): How do I get started with X-Ray?

Answer:

Include the X-Ray language SDK in your application and install the X-Ray agent to get started with X-Ray.

 

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