Ques. 1): What is
Redshift in AWS?
Answer: Redshift in AWS is a big data warehouse product
that is fast and powerful enough to manage data warehouse service in the cloud.
Redshift is a petabyte-scale data repository service. The execution is cost
effective and simple to investigate efficiently all over the data. It employs
the present intelligence marketing devices which accomplish at high speed and
are completely controllable.
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Ques: 2): What is Amazon
Redshift?
Answer: Amazon Redshift is a fully managed,
petabyte-scale data warehouse service in the cloud. This enables you to use
your data to acquire new insights for your business and customers. It is a data
warehouse product which forms part of the larger cloud-computing platform
Amazon Web Services. The name means to shift away from Oracle, red being an
allusion to Oracle, whose corporate color is red and is informally referred to
as "Big Red." It is built on top of technology from the massive
parallel processing (MPP) data warehouse company ParAccel (later acquired by
Actian), to handle large scale data sets and database migrations.
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Ques. 3): How will you
load data to Amazon Redshift from different data sources such as Amazon EC2,
DynamoDB, and Amazon RDS?
Answer: There are two ways of loading data to Amazon
Redshift from different data sources, namely:
1. Using the AWS Data Pipeline – Offers high performance,
fault-tolerant, and reliable way of loading data from a range of AWS data
sources. It allows specifying the data source, required data transformations,
and then execute a pre-written import script for loading data
2. Using the COPY command – Load data in parallel directly from
Amazon DynamoDB, Amazon EMR, or any other SSH-enabled host
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Ques. 4): What are the
benefits of using AWS Redshift?
Answer:
• We can run multiple queries on multiple nodes.
• We can use Postgresql, ODBC and JDBC.
• Automated backup
• Built-in security.
• When applications requires analytical function.
• Cost effective compared to traditional data
warehousing technique.
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Ques. 5): What are the
important Features of Redshift?
Answer:
• Operations : Similar to RDS
• Security : IAM,KMS ,VPC,SSL(similar to RDS)
• Redshift provides 10times more performance
compare to other warehouse services.
• Redshift is highly available and have auto
healing feature.
• Redshift provides pay per node provisioned,
1/10th of the cost compare to other data warehouse services.
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Ques. 6): Is Redshift
similar to RDS?
Answer: Redshift is a heavily version of PostgreSQL,
it’s not used for OLTP. OLTP is online transaction processing. So
Redshift is not a replacement for RDS. Redshift is OLAP, OLAP stands for online
analytical processing. That means that Redshift is used for analytics and data
warehousing.
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Ques. 7): How to show
tables in Amazon Redshift?
Answer: Below is the command to list tables in a public
schema:
SELECT DISTINCT
tablename
FROM
pg_table_def
WHERE
schemaname = 'public'
ORDER
BY tablename;
Below is the command to
describe the columns from a table called table_data
SELECT *
FROM
pg_table_def
WHERE
tablename = 'table_data'
AND
schemaname = 'public';
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Ques. 8): What is MPP.
Is Redshift support MPP?
Answer: MPP stands for massively parallel query
execution .It’s highly distributed, when you run a query, it’s going to run it
in parallel across so many instances and so many cores .And as such it’s called
a massively parallel query execution which in turns makes the database highly
available.
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Ques. 9): How many types
of nodes supported by Redshift and what are the functions of nodes?
Answer: Redshift supports 2 nodes -leader node and
compute node. There is a leader node and the leader node is used to planning
the queries and aggregate results across all compute nodes. So the compute
nodes are going to actually be performing the queries and they will send the
results back to the leader. If you have one node, then that node is both a
leader node and a compute node.
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Ques. 10): What
is Redshift Enhanced VPC Routing?
Answer: If you enable Redshift Enhanced VPC
Routing feature , all the COPY of data from whatever storage you want into
Redshift, or UNLOAD from Redshift back to S3 , goes through VPC which gives you
enhanced security and maybe better performance as well as your data doesn’t go
over the public internet.
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Ques. 11): How will I be
charged and billed if I use Amazon Redshift?
Answer: You pay only for what you use, and there
are no minimum or setup fees. Billing commences for a data warehouse cluster as
soon as the data warehouse cluster is available. Billing continues until the
data warehouse cluster terminates, which would occur upon deletion or in the
event of instance failure. You are billed based on:
• Compute
Node Hours
• Backup
Storage
• Data
Transfer
• Data
Scanned
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Ques. 12): How far
Redshift is better in performance as compare to other data warehouse
technologies?
Answer: Redshift provides ten times better
performance than other data warehouse technologies and Redshift is meant to
scale 2 petabytes of data. So petabytes, 1 petabyte is 1000 terabytes, means a
lot of data.
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Ques. 13): Amazon’s
Redshift uses which block size for its columnar storage?
Answer: Redshift uses the below block sizes for its
columnar storage:
• 2KB
• 8KB
• 16KB
• 32KB
• 1024KB
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Ques. 14): Is Redshift a
row-based storage or columnar based?
Answer: Redshift supports columnar data storage (instead
of row based) which makes it good for analytical processing not for
transactional processing.
PostgreSQL, RDS, MySQL
supports row-based storage of data.
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Ques. 15): How do we
load data into Redshift?
Answer: Data is loaded from S3, DynamoDB, DMS and
Read Replicas in RDS for example, when you have a RBS database but you want to
do analytics on it to create a read replica, to pull that data from the read
replica into Redshift and to do the analytics into Redshift.
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Ques. 16): What are the
ideal cases for using the Classic Load Balancer and the Application Load
Balancer?
Answer: The Classic Load Balancer is the befitting
option for simple load balancing of traffic across several EC2 instances.
On the contrary, the Application Load Balancer is suitable for container-based or microservices architecture where there is either a requirement for routing traffic to different services or carrying out load balancing across multiple ports on the same EC2 instance.
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Ques. 17): How is Amazon
RDS, DynamoDB and Redshift different?
Answer: Amazon RDS is a database management
service for relational databases, it manages patching, upgrading,
backing up of data etc. of databases for you without your intervention.
RDS is a Db management service for structured data only.
DynamoDB, on the other
hand, is a NoSQL database service, NoSQL deals with unstructured data.
Redshift is an entirely
different service, it is a data warehouse product and is used in data analysis.
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Ques. 18): What data
formats does Redshift Spectrum support?
Answer: Redshift Spectrum currently supports for Avro,
CSV, Grok, Ion, JSON, ORC, Parquet, RCFile, RegexSerDe, SequenceFile and Tex.
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Ques. 19): How we can
monitor the performance of Redshift data warehouse cluster.
Answer: Performance metric like compute and storage
utilization, read/write traffic can be monitored via AWS Management Console or
using CloudWatch.
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Ques. 20): Does Amazon
redshift based on concept cluster?
Answer: Amazon Redshift uses nodes; group of nodes are
called cluster. Single cluster runs an Amazon Redshift and it has one or
multiple number of databases.
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thanks for valuable info
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